Summerbell Richard C
Department of Botany, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A1 Canada.
New Phytol. 1987 Mar;105(3):437-448. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.1987.tb00881.x.
Ten microfungal isolates from the rhizosphere of mycorrhiza of black spruce were tested for their ability to inhibit formation of mycorrhiza by Laccaria bicolor (Maire) Orton on axenically cultivated black spruce seedlings. Two Trichoderma species, T. viride Pers. and T. polysporum (Link ex Pers.) Rifai, were strongly antagonistic towards mycorrhizal colonization. This antagonism was seen both in trials where Trichoderma and L. bicolor were inoculated together and in a trial designed to allow establishment of the mycorrhizal fungus in the rhizosphere prior to a challenge with T. viride. Despite its antagonism in flask trials, T. viride did not parasitize the hyphae of L. bicolor in agar culture. Two other soil fungi, Tolypocladium inflatum Gams and Trichosoporon beigelii (Küch et Rab.) Vuill., also had small but significant inhibitory effects on the formation of mycorrhiza in flask trials. However, a variety of Mucoralean fungi, heavily sporulating soil Hyphomycetes and non-sporulating root-associated Hyphomycetes had no deleterious effect on the process. It is concluded that Trichoderma spp. are likely to be significant antagonists of mycorrhizal colonization in vivo, particularly in fumigated soils.
对从黑云杉菌根根际分离出的10种微真菌菌株进行了测试，以检测它们抑制双色蜡蘑（Maire）Orton在无菌培养的黑云杉幼苗上形成菌根的能力。两种木霉属真菌，即绿色木霉Pers.和多孢木霉（Link ex Pers.）Rifai，对菌根定殖具有强烈的拮抗作用。在木霉和双色蜡蘑一起接种的试验中以及在旨在使菌根真菌在根际定殖，然后再用绿色木霉进行挑战的试验中，都观察到了这种拮抗作用。尽管绿色木霉在三角瓶试验中具有拮抗作用，但在琼脂培养中它并未寄生双色蜡蘑的菌丝。另外两种土壤真菌，即膨胀被毛孢Gams和白吉利丝孢酵母（Küch et Rab.）Vuill.，在三角瓶试验中对菌根形成也有微小但显著的抑制作用。然而，多种毛霉目真菌、大量产孢的土壤丝孢菌和不产孢的根际丝孢菌对这一过程没有有害影响。得出的结论是，木霉属真菌很可能是体内菌根定殖的重要拮抗物，尤其是在熏蒸过的土壤中。
