Zuckerkandl E, Villet R
Linus Pauling Institute of Science and Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94306.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Jul;85(13):4784-8. doi: 10.1073/pnas.85.13.4784.
It is proposed that equivalent phenotypic effects can be obtained by either structural changes in macromolecules involved in gene regulation or changes in activity of the structurally unaltered macromolecules. This equivalence between changes in activity (concentration) and changes in structure can come into play within physiologically plausible limits and seems to represent an important interface between environment and genome--namely, between environmentally determined and genetically determined gene expression. The equivalence principle helps explain the appearance of phenocopies. It also points to a general pathway favorable to the occurrence, during evolution, of frequent episodes corresponding to Waddington's genetic assimilation and is likely to represent one component of the system responsible for the high frequency of recurrence of parallel evolution.
有人提出，通过参与基因调控的大分子的结构变化或结构未改变的大分子的活性变化，都可以获得等效的表型效应。活性（浓度）变化与结构变化之间的这种等效性可以在生理上合理的范围内发挥作用，并且似乎代表了环境与基因组之间的一个重要界面——即环境决定的基因表达与遗传决定的基因表达之间的界面。等效原理有助于解释拟表型的出现。它还指出了一条有利于在进化过程中频繁出现与瓦丁顿遗传同化相对应的事件的一般途径，并且很可能代表了负责平行进化高频率重复出现的系统的一个组成部分。
