Postgraduate student, Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil.
Postgraduate student, Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil.
J Prosthet Dent. 2022 Dec;128(6):1295-1302. doi: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2021.02.035. Epub 2021 Apr 17.
Tooth loss directly affects mastication, cognitive function, and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). Complete dentures (CDs) and removable partial dentures (RPDs) represent a common oral rehabilitation approach. However, studies addressing the impact of removable dentures on replacing missing teeth are lacking.
The purpose of this clinical study was to evaluate whether the OHRQoL, the jaw function limitation (JFL), and the masticatory efficiency of CD and RPD wearers are similar to those of patients with natural teeth and to evaluate whether wearing removable dentures can predict an effect on the OHRQoL, JFL, and masticatory efficiency of their wearers.
The Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) questionnaire and the JFL scale were used to measure OHRQoL and JFL. Masticatory efficiency was analyzed by using a subjective color-mixing index for the chewing gum bolus and shape index and an objective colorimetric analysis by using a software program ViewGum. Data were analyzed with Kruskal-Wallis and post hoc Dunn tests, followed by multiple linear regression (α=.05).
The results from OHIP-14 evidenced that both denture groups presented a low impact on OHRQoL. JFL was higher for all denture wearers. For the subjective color-mixing analysis, the control and RPD groups presented better masticatory efficiency than CD wearers. Colorimetric analysis evidenced better masticatory efficiency for the control group, who differed from the CD and RPD groups. Wearing RPDs was a predictor of impaired JFL and OHRQoL, and the use of CDs was a predictor of impaired JFL and masticatory efficiency.
Despite being rehabilitated, CD and RPD wearers still had impaired OHRQoL, JFL, and masticatory efficiency. Also, the use of these prostheses can predict a negative effect on these 3 variables.
牙齿缺失直接影响咀嚼、认知功能和口腔健康相关生活质量（OHRQoL）。全口义齿（CDs）和可摘局部义齿（RPDs）是常见的口腔修复方法。然而，关于可摘义齿对缺失牙的影响的研究还很缺乏。
本临床研究旨在评估 CD 和 RPD 佩戴者的 OHRQoL、颌功能限制（JFL）和咀嚼效率是否与天然牙患者相似，并评估佩戴可摘义齿是否可预测对其佩戴者的 OHRQoL、JFL 和咀嚼效率的影响。
使用口腔健康影响简表（OHIP-14）问卷和 JFL 量表来测量 OHRQoL 和 JFL。咀嚼效率通过使用咀嚼口香糖糊的主观颜色混合指数和形状指数以及使用软件程序 ViewGum 进行的客观比色分析来分析。数据采用 Kruskal-Wallis 和事后 Dunn 检验，然后进行多元线性回归（α=.05）。
OHIP-14 的结果表明，两组义齿佩戴者的 OHRQoL 影响均较低。所有义齿佩戴者的 JFL 较高。对于主观颜色混合分析，对照组和 RPD 组的咀嚼效率优于 CD 佩戴者。比色分析表明，对照组的咀嚼效率更好，与 CD 和 RPD 组不同。佩戴 RPD 是 JFL 和 OHRQoL 受损的预测因素，而使用 CDs 是 JFL 和咀嚼效率受损的预测因素。
尽管进行了修复，CD 和 RPD 佩戴者的 OHRQoL、JFL 和咀嚼效率仍受损。此外，这些义齿的使用可以预测对这 3 个变量的负面影响。
