Department of Molecular Pathobiology, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, New York, USA.
Department of Biochemistry, Louisiana State University Health Center, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA.
J Dent Educ. 2021 Jun;85(6):741-746. doi: 10.1002/jdd.12615. Epub 2021 Apr 19.
Major pandemics have tremendous effects on society. They precipitated the early decline of the Western Roman Empire and helped spread Christianity. There are countless such examples of infectious diseases altering the course of history. The impact of epidemics on education however is less well documented. This present historical account of the past 800 years looks specifically at how some aspects of education were shaped from the early medieval epidemics such as leprosy and the Black Plague to the Spanish Flu and COVID-19. Leprosy changed religious education, and the Black Plague may have contributed to the rise of medical schools, hospitals, public health education, and led to the implementation of lazarettos and the quarantine. The smallpox epidemic helped usher in public health education for immunization, while the 1918 Spanish Flu precipitated the rise of education by correspondence, and recently COVID-19 has catapulted remote digital learning to the forefront of higher education.
重大的流行病对社会有着巨大的影响。它们加速了西罗马帝国的早期衰落，并帮助传播了基督教。有无数这样的传染病改变历史进程的例子。然而，传染病对教育的影响却记录得较少。本报告对过去 800 年的历史进行了专门研究，探讨了教育的某些方面是如何受到影响的，从中世纪早期的麻风病和黑死病到西班牙流感和 COVID-19。麻风病改变了宗教教育，黑死病可能促成了医学院、医院、公共卫生教育的兴起，并导致了隔离区和检疫的实施。天花的流行有助于为免疫接种带来公共卫生教育，而 1918 年的西班牙流感促成了函授教育的兴起，最近 COVID-19 将远程数字学习推向了高等教育的前沿。
