School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Zhongzheng Environmental Science and Technology Service Co.,Ltd, 505, 5th Floor, Times-park Building, No.231 Gaotang Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510630, China.
School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
Chemosphere. 2021 Sep;279:130529. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130529. Epub 2021 Apr 9.
The mass load of pharmaceuticals in the municipal wastewater based on wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) is a good indication of population consumption in the catchment. After successful application of illicit drugs' estimation, this method holds the potential to measure the geographical and temporal consumption of prescription medicines. In this study, we investigated the occurrence of four non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), acetaminophen (ACM), diclofenac (DCF), ibuprofen (IBU) and naproxen (NPX), in two wastewater treatment plants in Guangzhou City, China and compared the spatial and temporal consumption variation of them. Over a period of 28 days' sampling, the detection frequency of ACM, DCF, IBU, and NPX in the influent of two wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in Guangzhou City were 91%, 66%, 100%, and 95%, and their concentrations were up to 128, 131, 372, and 324 ng/L, respectively. No significant inter-catchment difference was observed regarding the per capita mass load in the two WWTPs investigated. A literature review which covered 160 WWTPs in 18 countries was conducted to compare the population normalized mass load of four commonly used NSAIDs. ACM had the highest population normalized mass loads (29-17,430 mg/d/1000 inhabitants) and DCF had the lowest population normalized mass load (6.5-628 mg/d/1000 inhabitants) in the catchments located in 18 countries. The mass loads of selected NSAIDs in China were lower than those in European and North American. ACM and IBU consumptions were at least 2 times higher in winter than that in summer, in contrast, DCF and NPX consumptions had no significant seasonal variation.
基于污水流行病学（WBE）的城市废水中药物的质量负荷是集水区内人口消费的良好指标。在成功应用非法药物估算方法后，该方法具有测量处方药的地理和时间消费的潜力。在本研究中，我们调查了中国广州市的两个污水处理厂中四种非甾体抗炎药（NSAIDs）、对乙酰氨基酚（ACM）、双氯芬酸（DCF）、布洛芬（IBU）和萘普生（NPX）的出现情况，并比较了它们的时空消耗变化。在 28 天的采样期间，广州市两个污水处理厂（WWTP）进水的 ACM、DCF、IBU 和 NPX 的检测频率分别为 91%、66%、100%和 95%，浓度高达 128、131、372 和 324 ng/L。在所调查的两个 WWTP 中，两个集水区的人均质量负荷没有明显差异。我们进行了一项文献综述，涵盖了 18 个国家的 160 个 WWTP，以比较四种常用 NSAIDs 的人口归一化质量负荷。在位于 18 个国家的集水区中，ACM 的人口归一化质量负荷最高（29-17430mg/d/1000 居民），而 DCF 的人口归一化质量负荷最低（6.5-628mg/d/1000 居民）。中国选定 NSAIDs 的质量负荷低于欧洲和北美。与夏季相比，ACM 和 IBU 的消耗至少在冬季高 2 倍，而 DCF 和 NPX 的消耗没有明显的季节性变化。
