Mangaonkar Abhishek A, Tande Aaron J, Bekele Delamo I
Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
Division of Infectious Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
Curr Hematol Malig Rep. 2021 Jun;16(3):267-275. doi: 10.1007/s11899-021-00618-4. Epub 2021 Apr 20.
Monocytosis is a frequently encountered clinical condition that needs appropriate investigation due to a broad range of differential diagnoses. This review is meant to summarize the latest literature in the diagnostic testing and interpretation and offer a stepwise diagnostic approach for a patient presenting with monocytosis.
Basic studies have highlighted the phenotypic and functional heterogeneity in the monocyte compartment. Studies, both translational and clinical, have provided insights into why monocytosis occurs and how to distinguish the different etiologies. Flow cytometry studies have illustrated that monocyte repartitioning can distinguish chronic myelomonocytic leukemia, a prototypical neoplasm with monocytosis from other reactive or neoplastic causes. In summary, we provide an algorithmic approach to the diagnosis of a patient presenting with monocytosis and expect this document to serve as a reference guide for clinicians.
单核细胞增多症是一种常见的临床病症，由于鉴别诊断范围广泛，需要进行适当的检查。本综述旨在总结诊断检测和解读方面的最新文献，并为出现单核细胞增多症的患者提供逐步的诊断方法。
基础研究突出了单核细胞亚群的表型和功能异质性。转化研究和临床研究均深入探讨了单核细胞增多症发生的原因以及如何区分不同病因。流式细胞术研究表明，单核细胞重新分布可将慢性粒单核细胞白血病（一种典型的伴有单核细胞增多症的肿瘤）与其他反应性或肿瘤性病因区分开来。总之，我们提供了一种针对出现单核细胞增多症患者的诊断算法方法，并期望本文档能为临床医生提供参考指南。
