Khramova Regina N, Eliseeva Tatyana I, Ovsyannikov Dmitry Y, Tush Elena V, Karpenko Maxim A, Shamrikova Anastasia A, Kubysheva Nailya I, Bulgakova Vilya A, Khaletskaya Olga V, Geppe Natalia A, Batyrshin Ildar Z
Department of Hospital Pediatrics, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod 603005, Russia.
Department of Pediatrics, Medical Institute, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya St., Moscow 117198, Russia.
Can Respir J. 2025 May 12;2025:7534325. doi: 10.1155/carj/7534325. eCollection 2025.
Excess adipose tissue induces low-intensity inflammation, which is an important pathogenetic factor adversely affecting the course of bronchial asthma (BA) in overweight/obese patients. The key effector cells of this inflammation are monocytes and macrophages. However, there are currently no studies characterising the effect of body mass index (BMI) on peripheral blood monocyte levels in children and adolescents with BA and their relationship with spirometric parameters reflecting bronchial patency. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of BMI on peripheral blood monocyte and eosinophil levels and their relationship with spirometric parameters in children and adolescents with asthma. A single-centre, observational cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 212 patients with asthma aged 7-17 years were studied. Anthropometric and spirometric parameters and the cellular composition of peripheral blood were evaluated. The children were divided into two groups: Group 1: with normal body weight (BW) and Group 2: with overweight/obesity. In overweight/obesity patients, the number of peripheral blood monocytes (0.62 ± 0.19) was significantly higher compared to the group of normal weight patients (0.54 ± 0.15, < 0.001). In contrast, eosinophil levels were statistically lower in the overweight/obesity group (0.22 [0.12; 0.42]) than in the normal weight patients (0.30 [0.14; 0.56], = 0.039). A statistically significant negative correlation was found between the absolute number of monocytes and z FEV1/FVC, z MMEF in the overweight/obesity group ( = -0.32, = 0.005, = -0.30, = 0.007, respectively) and a statistically significant negative correlation between eosinophil count and z FEV1/FVC, z MMEF25-75 in normal weight patients ( = -0.20, = 0.021, = -0.22, = 0.010, respectively). The results obtained may indicate a modifying effect of overweight/obesity on inflammation endotypes in children and adolescents with BA.
过多的脂肪组织会引发低强度炎症，这是一个对超重/肥胖患者的支气管哮喘（BA）病程产生不利影响的重要致病因素。这种炎症的关键效应细胞是单核细胞和巨噬细胞。然而，目前尚无研究描述体重指数（BMI）对患有BA的儿童和青少年外周血单核细胞水平的影响以及它们与反映支气管通畅程度的肺功能参数之间的关系。本研究的目的是调查BMI对哮喘儿童和青少年外周血单核细胞和嗜酸性粒细胞水平的影响以及它们与肺功能参数之间的关系。进行了一项单中心观察性横断面研究。共研究了212名7至17岁的哮喘患者。评估了人体测量和肺功能参数以及外周血的细胞组成。将儿童分为两组：第1组：体重正常（BW）；第2组：超重/肥胖。在超重/肥胖患者中，外周血单核细胞数量（0.62±0.19）显著高于正常体重患者组（(P<0.001)）。相比之下，超重/肥胖组的嗜酸性粒细胞水平在统计学上低于正常体重患者（0.22[0.12;0.42]）（P=0.039）。在超重/肥胖组中，单核细胞绝对数量与z FEV1/FVC、z MMEF之间存在统计学上显著的负相关（分别为r=-0.32，P=0.005；r=-0.30，P=0.007），在正常体重患者中，嗜酸性粒细胞计数与z FEV1/FVC、z MMEF25-75之间存在统计学上显著的负相关（分别为r=-0.20，P=0.021；r=-0.22，P=0.010）。所得结果可能表明超重/肥胖对患有BA的儿童和青少年的炎症亚型有调节作用。
