Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Kinesiology & Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Psychooncology. 2021 Aug;30(8):1278-1293. doi: 10.1002/pon.5698. Epub 2021 Apr 21.
Cancer and treatment can produce temporary or permanent body changes, which may affect the body image (BI) of adolescents and young adults diagnosed with cancer (AYAs). This evidence has not been comprehensively summarized. A scoping review was conducted to explore the available evidence on BI among AYAs and identify the definitions, theories, models, frameworks, measures, and methods used to assess BI.
Databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO (via Ovid) and CINAHL and Gender Studies (via EBSCO) were searched to identify published studies from 1 January 2000 to 25 November 2019. Inclusion criteria were: qualitative, quantitative, or mixed methodology; at least one BI-related measure or theme; published in English; and majority of the sample between 13 and 39 years at diagnosis and a mean age at diagnosis between 13 and 39 years. Two authors screened the titles, abstracts, and full-text articles and data were extracted and summarized.
The search yielded 11,347 articles and 82 met inclusion criteria. Articles included 45 quantitative, 33 qualitative, and four mixed-methods studies. The majority of studies used cross-sectional designs, while BI definitions, theories, models, frameworks, and measures were varied. Studies explored descriptive, psychological, physical, coping, and social factors, with BI being described most often as an outcome rather than a predictor.
Theory-based research that employs a holistic BI definition and uses longitudinal or intervention study designs or a qualitative methodology is needed to better understand the BI experience of AYAs and inform the development of strategies and programs to reduce BI concerns and increase positive body experiences.
癌症及其治疗会导致暂时或永久性的身体变化，从而影响青少年和青年癌症患者（AYAs）的体像（BI）。目前尚未对此类证据进行全面总结。本研究旨在通过系统综述来探索 AYA 中 BI 的现有证据，并确定用于评估 BI 的定义、理论、模型、框架、测量方法和方法。
检索了 MEDLINE、EMBASE、PsycINFO（通过 Ovid）和 CINAHL 以及 Gender Studies（通过 EBSCO）数据库，以确定 2000 年 1 月 1 日至 2019 年 11 月 25 日发表的研究。纳入标准为：定性、定量或混合方法研究；至少有一个与 BI 相关的测量或主题；以英文发表；且样本以 13 至 39 岁为主，平均诊断年龄在 13 至 39 岁之间。两名作者筛选了标题、摘要和全文文章，并提取和总结了数据。
检索共得到 11347 篇文章，其中 82 篇符合纳入标准。文章包括 45 项定量研究、33 项定性研究和 4 项混合方法研究。大多数研究采用了横断面设计，而 BI 的定义、理论、模型、框架和测量方法则多种多样。研究探讨了描述性、心理、生理、应对和社会因素，BI 大多被描述为结果而非预测因素。
需要进行基于理论的研究，采用整体 BI 定义，并使用纵向或干预性研究设计或定性方法，以更好地了解 AYA 的 BI 体验，并为制定策略和方案以减少 BI 问题和增加积极的身体体验提供依据。
