Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
Sema4, Stamford, CT, USA.
J Genet Couns. 2021 Oct;30(5):1500-1508. doi: 10.1002/jgc4.1417. Epub 2021 Apr 21.
The increasing number of genetic counselors participating directly in clinical pharmacogenomic post-test counseling prompted our evaluation of pharmacogenomic education across genetic counseling training programs in North America. Thirty-one program leadership participants from both the United States (U.S.) and Canada responded to a survey assessing pharmacogenomics education and the role of genetic counselors. Eighty-five percent of respondents agreed pharmacogenomics is currently within the scope of genetic counseling practice, and 96.3% indicated their training programs currently provide education on pharmacogenomics, with the majority reporting < 7 hr of education. Lectures on pharmacogenomics were the most common method for didactics; however, some programs also included practical modalities (e.g., case studies, clinical rotations) and online resources. Barriers to expanding pharmacogenomic education included the constrained timeline of training, and lack of resources and local expertise. Moreover, participants suggested that genetic counselors ideally should be able to order pharmacogenomic tests and counsel patients on pharmacogenomics, including result interpretation, as they believe pharmacogenomics does fall within the scope of practice of genetic counseling. Our novel results also confirm that training program leadership support a pharmacogenomic service delivery model that includes a combined effort between genetic counselors and pharmacists to utilize their synergistic expertise. However, this model likely still necessitates expanding pharmacogenomic didactics in genetic counseling training programs through more practical training and/or by leveraging online pharmacogenomic courses dedicated to supporting clinical implementation.
越来越多的遗传咨询师直接参与临床药物基因组学检测后咨询，促使我们评估北美遗传咨询培训项目中的药物基因组学教育情况。来自美国和加拿大的 31 名项目领导参与者对一项评估药物基因组学教育和遗传咨询师作用的调查做出了回应。85%的受访者同意药物基因组学目前属于遗传咨询实践的范畴，96.3%的受访者表示他们的培训项目目前提供药物基因组学教育，其中大多数报告的教育时间<7 小时。药物基因组学讲座是最常见的教学方法；然而，一些项目还包括实践模式（例如，案例研究、临床轮转）和在线资源。扩大药物基因组学教育的障碍包括培训时间有限，以及缺乏资源和本地专业知识。此外，参与者还表示，遗传咨询师理想情况下应该能够订购药物基因组学检测，并就药物基因组学为患者提供咨询，包括结果解读，因为他们认为药物基因组学确实属于遗传咨询实践的范畴。我们的新结果还证实，培训项目领导层支持一种药物基因组学服务提供模式，其中包括遗传咨询师和药剂师之间的联合努力，以利用他们的协同专业知识。然而，这种模式可能仍然需要通过更多的实践培训或利用专门支持临床实施的在线药物基因组学课程，在遗传咨询培训项目中扩大药物基因组学教学。
