尼日利亚五岁以下儿童人体测量指标与相关因素的多变量逻辑回归分析：2018 年尼日利亚全国家庭健康调查
Multivariate logistic regression analysis on the association between anthropometric indicators of under-five children in Nigeria: NDHS 2018.
机构信息
Department of Statistics, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
出版信息
BMC Pediatr. 2021 Apr 22;21(1):193. doi: 10.1186/s12887-021-02657-5.
BACKGROUND
Child malnutrition is a huge health problem having multifaceted consequences for child survival and long-term well-being. Although, several studies investigated stunting, underweight, and wasting in low- and middle-income countries, in Nigeria, the link between them received little attention. The aim of this study is, therefore, to assess the association between anthropometric indicators of under-five children such as stunting, underweight and wasting given that of other characteristics of children and households.
METHODS
The data for this study was obtained from Nigerian Demographic and health survey (NDHS) in 2018. A total of 11,314 under-five children were involved. Multivariate logistic regression model was used to determine the association between stunting, underweight and wasting given that of the estimated effect of other determinants.
RESULTS
From 11,314 under-five children the study considered 36.2, 21.4 and 6.7% of them suffered from stunting, underweight and wasting, respectively. About half (50.7%) of the children were male, 24.1% was obtained from North West region of Nigeria, and 37.8% of them were from households having unimproved drinking water. The pairwise dependency between stunting and underweight; underweight and wasting was measured using odds ratio (OR) of 15.796, and 16.750 respectively. The estimated odds of children from richest household to become stunted, underweight, and wasted was respectively 0.392, 0.540, 0.786 times that of the estimated odds of children from poorest households.
CONCLUSION
The prevalence of under-five children with stunting, underweight and/or wasting in Nigeria was very high. The important determinants of stunting, underweight, and wasting for under five children were household wealth index, women body mass index, sex of the child, anemia, mothers' age at first birth, and a diarrhea two weeks prior to the survey. Whereas, region, religion, multiple birth, women's educational level significantly associated with both stunting and underweight. Both stunting and wasting significantly associated with underweight.
背景
儿童营养不良是一个严重的健康问题，对儿童的生存和长期健康有着多方面的影响。尽管有几项研究调查了中低收入国家的发育迟缓、体重不足和消瘦问题，但尼日利亚对它们之间的联系关注甚少。因此，这项研究的目的是评估 5 岁以下儿童的人体测量指标（如发育迟缓、体重不足和消瘦）与儿童和家庭其他特征之间的关联。
方法
本研究的数据来自 2018 年尼日利亚人口与健康调查（NDHS）。共有 11314 名 5 岁以下儿童参与。使用多变量逻辑回归模型来确定发育迟缓、体重不足和消瘦与其他决定因素的估计效应之间的关联。
结果
在 11314 名 5 岁以下儿童中，研究考虑了 36.2%、21.4%和 6.7%的儿童患有发育迟缓、体重不足和消瘦。约一半（50.7%）的儿童为男性，24.1%来自尼日利亚西北部地区，37.8%来自家庭饮用水未改善的地区。发育迟缓与体重不足之间的相互依赖关系；体重不足与消瘦之间的关系，使用优势比（OR）分别为 15.796 和 16.750 进行衡量。最富裕家庭的儿童发育迟缓、体重不足和消瘦的估计概率分别是最贫穷家庭儿童的 0.392、0.540 和 0.786 倍。
结论
尼日利亚 5 岁以下儿童发育迟缓、体重不足和/或消瘦的患病率非常高。影响儿童发育迟缓、体重不足和消瘦的重要决定因素是家庭财富指数、妇女体重指数、儿童性别、贫血、母亲首次生育年龄以及调查前两周的腹泻。然而，地区、宗教、多胎、妇女教育水平与发育迟缓及体重不足显著相关。发育迟缓与消瘦均与体重不足显著相关。
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