Unidad de Problemáticas de Interés en Nutrición Pública, Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín, Colombia.
Grupo de investigación Determinantes Sociales y Económicos de la Situación de Salud y Nutrición, Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín, Colombia.
J Nutr Sci. 2021 Jan 12;10:e4. doi: 10.1017/jns.2020.55. eCollection 2021.
The present study aimed to assess the associations of the stages of Fe deficiency (Fe deficiency without anaemia (ID) and Fe-deficiency anaemia (IDA)) and anaemia with metabolic syndrome (MetS) in Ecuadorian women. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 5894 women aged 20-59 years, based on data from the 2012 Ecuadorian National Health and Nutrition Survey. The sample was stratified by age. A test was used to assess the possible associations of ID, IDA and anaemia with MetS. The prevalence ratio (PR) for each stage of Fe deficiency and anaemia was estimated considering women without MetS as a reference. The total prevalence of MetS, ID, IDA and anaemia was 32⋅3 % (se 0⋅6), 6⋅2 % (se 0⋅3), 7⋅1 % (se 0⋅3) and 5⋅0 % (se 0⋅3), respectively. In women aged 20-29, 30-39 and 40-49 years, MetS was associated with a lower prevalence of ID (PR (95 % CI; -value)): 0⋅17 (0⋅06, 0⋅46; < 0⋅001), 0⋅69 (0⋅48, 0⋅99; = 0⋅044) and 0⋅44 (0⋅29, 0⋅67; < 0⋅001), respectively. In women aged 50-59 years, MetS was associated with IDA and anaemia (PR (95 % CI; -value)): 0⋅12 (0⋅02, 0⋅96; = 0⋅026) and 0⋅22 (0⋅07, 0⋅64; = 0⋅002), respectively. In conclusion, Ecuadorian women of reproductive age with MetS have a lower prevalence of ID compared with those without MetS. Furthermore, the MetS and IDA coexist at the population level. These findings require an analysis from a dietary pattern approach, which could provide key elements for developing public policies that simultaneously address all forms of malnutrition.
本研究旨在评估厄瓜多尔女性缺铁（无贫血的缺铁（ID）和缺铁性贫血（IDA））和贫血与代谢综合征（MetS）各阶段之间的关联。在基于 2012 年厄瓜多尔国家健康和营养调查数据的 5894 名 20-59 岁女性中进行了一项横断面研究。该样本按年龄分层。采用检验评估 ID、IDA 和贫血与 MetS 之间可能存在的关联。考虑到无 MetS 的女性为参考，估计每个缺铁和贫血阶段的患病率比（PR）。MetS、ID、IDA 和贫血的总患病率分别为 32.3%（se 0.6）、6.2%（se 0.3）、7.1%（se 0.3）和 5.0%（se 0.3）。在 20-29 岁、30-39 岁和 40-49 岁的女性中，MetS 与 ID 的患病率较低相关（PR（95%CI；-值））：0.17（0.06，0.46；<0.001）、0.69（0.48，0.99；=0.044）和 0.44（0.29，0.67；<0.001）。在 50-59 岁的女性中，MetS 与 IDA 和贫血相关（PR（95%CI；-值））：0.12（0.02，0.96；=0.026）和 0.22（0.07，0.64；=0.002）。总之，厄瓜多尔育龄期患有 MetS 的女性与无 MetS 的女性相比，ID 的患病率较低。此外，MetS 和 IDA 在人群层面上同时存在。这些发现需要从饮食模式的角度进行分析，这可以为制定同时解决所有形式营养不良的公共政策提供关键要素。
