School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China.
College of Chemistry and Life Science, Chifeng University, Chifeng, China.
PLoS One. 2021 Apr 23;16(4):e0250712. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0250712. eCollection 2021.
Canthin-6-one, one of the main alkaloid compounds extracted from Ailanthus altissima, has recently attracted increasing interest for its antifungal activity. To evaluate the potential of canthin-6-one in controlling plant fungal diseases, we investigated the antifungal activity of canthin-6-one isolated from A. altissima against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum (Foc) in vitro. The mycelial growth rate and micro-broth dilution were used to test antifungal activity. Furthermore, label-free quantitative proteomics and parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) techniques were applied to analyze the antifungal mechanism. It was found that canthin-6-one significantly inhibited the growth of Foc, and had higher inhibitory action than chlorothalonil at the same concentration. Proteomic analysis showed that the expression of 203 proteins altered significantly after canthin-6-one treatment. These differentially expressed proteins were mainly involved in amino acid biosynthesis and nitrogen metabolism pathways. These results suggest that canthin-6-one significantly interferes with the metabolism of amino acids. Therefore, it affects nitrogen nutrients and disturbs the normal physiological processes of fungi, and ultimately leads to the death of pathogens. This study provides a natural plant antifungal agent and a new perspective for the study of antifungal mechanisms.
汉黄芩素是臭椿中提取的主要生物碱化合物之一，因其具有抗真菌活性而受到越来越多的关注。为了评估汉黄芩素在防治植物真菌病害方面的潜力，我们研究了从臭椿中分离得到的汉黄芩素对尖孢镰刀菌黄瓜专化型（Foc）的体外抗真菌活性。采用菌丝生长速率法和微量肉汤稀释法进行抗真菌活性测定。此外，还应用无标记定量蛋白质组学和平行反应监测（PRM）技术分析了其抗真菌机制。结果表明，汉黄芩素能显著抑制尖孢镰刀菌的生长，且在相同浓度下其抑制作用强于百菌清。蛋白质组学分析表明，汉黄芩素处理后有 203 种蛋白的表达发生了显著变化。这些差异表达蛋白主要参与氨基酸生物合成和氮代谢途径。这些结果表明，汉黄芩素能显著干扰氨基酸代谢。因此，它会影响氮素营养，扰乱真菌的正常生理过程，最终导致病原菌死亡。本研究为天然植物性抗真菌剂的开发提供了依据，也为抗真菌机制的研究提供了新的视角。
