College of Optometry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, United States.
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2021 Apr 1;62(4):27. doi: 10.1167/iovs.62.4.27.
Infantile strabismus impedes the development of stereopsis. In optically strabismic monkeys, 2 continuous hours of normal binocular vision per day has been shown to preserve near-normal stereopsis. In this study, we investigated whether, as in learning, multiple shorter periods of intervention would further boost performance.
To simulate infantile esotropia, infant monkeys were reared with 30 prism diopters base-in starting at 4 weeks of age. Daily periods of normal binocular vision were provided by replacing prisms with plano lenses. Altogether, 14 monkeys were prism reared: 2 with continuous prism, 2 with 2 continuous hours of normal binocular vision per day, 6 with 2 noncontinuous hours, and 4 with 1 noncontinuous hour of binocular vision each day. Seven normally reared monkeys provided control data. Behavioral methods were employed to measure spatial contrast sensitivity, eye alignment, and stereopsis.
One monkey reared with continuous prism had poor stereopsis, and the other had no stereopsis. Ten of the 12 monkeys reared with periods of normal binocular vision had stereopsis, and those with longer and more continuous periods of binocular vision had stereopsis approaching that of normally reared monkeys.
During early development, multiple short periods of binocular vision were effective in preserving clinically significant stereopsis in monkeys. These results suggest that by providing relatively short multiple daily intervention periods, stereopsis may be preserved in strabismic human children.
婴儿斜视妨碍了立体视的发展。在光学斜视的猴子中，每天连续 2 小时正常双眼视觉已被证明可以保持近正常的立体视。在这项研究中，我们研究了是否像在学习中一样，多个较短的干预期会进一步提高表现。
为了模拟婴儿内斜视，在 4 周龄时，用 30 棱镜屈光度基底向内的棱镜将婴儿猴子饲养。通过用平光镜代替棱镜来提供每天正常的双眼视觉时段。总共对 14 只猴子进行了棱镜饲养：2 只连续使用棱镜，2 只每天接受 2 小时连续正常双眼视觉，6 只每天接受 2 小时非连续双眼视觉，4 只每天接受 1 小时非连续双眼视觉。7 只正常饲养的猴子提供了对照数据。采用行为方法测量空间对比敏感度、眼位和立体视。
一只用连续棱镜饲养的猴子立体视很差，另一只没有立体视。12 只用正常双眼视觉时段饲养的猴子中有 10 只有立体视，那些接受较长和更连续的双眼视觉时段的猴子的立体视接近正常饲养的猴子。
在早期发育过程中，多个短暂的双眼视觉时段可有效地保持猴子的临床显著立体视。这些结果表明，通过提供相对较短的多个每日干预时段，斜视的人类儿童的立体视可能得到保留。
