Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan; Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Japan.
Stem Cell Res. 2021 May;53:102341. doi: 10.1016/j.scr.2021.102341. Epub 2021 Apr 8.
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells that exist in mesenchymal tissues such as bone marrow and are able to differentiate into osteocytes, chondrocytes, and adipocytes. MSCs are generally collected as adherent cells on a plastic dish, and are positive for markers such as CD44, CD73, CD90, CD105 and CD166, and negative for CD11b, CD14, CD19, CD31, CD34, CD45, CD79a and HLA-DR. MSCs have been established from many kinds of mammals, but MSCs from amphibians have not yet been reported. We cultured adherent cells from the bone marrow of Xenopus laevis by modifying the protocol for culturing mammalian MSCs. The morphology of these cells was similar to that of mammalian MSCs. The amphibian MSCs were positive for cd44, cd73, cd90 and cd166, and negative for cd11b, cd14, cd19, cd31, cd34, cd45, cd79a and hla-dra. Moreover, they could be induced to differentiate into osteocyte-, chondrocyte-, and adipocyte-lineage cells by cytokine induction systems that were similar to those used for mammalian MSC differentiation. Thus, they are considered to be similar to mammalian MSCs. Unlike mammals, amphibians have high regenerative capacity. The findings from the present study will allow for future research to reveal how Xenopus MSCs are involved in the amphibian regenerative capacity and to elucidate the differences in the regenerative capacity between mammals and amphibians.
间充质干细胞（MSCs）是存在于骨髓等间充质组织中的多能细胞，能够分化为成骨细胞、软骨细胞和成脂细胞。MSCs 通常作为贴壁细胞在塑料培养皿上收集，其标志物阳性包括 CD44、CD73、CD90、CD105 和 CD166，标志物阴性包括 CD11b、CD14、CD19、CD31、CD34、CD45、CD79a 和 HLA-DR。MSCs 已从多种哺乳动物中建立，但尚未有关于两栖动物 MSCs 的报道。我们通过修改培养哺乳动物 MSCs 的方案，从非洲爪蟾（Xenopus laevis）的骨髓中培养贴壁细胞。这些细胞的形态与哺乳动物 MSCs 相似。两栖动物 MSCs 标志物阳性包括 cd44、cd73、cd90 和 cd166，标志物阴性包括 cd11b、cd14、cd19、cd31、cd34、cd45、cd79a 和 hla-dra。此外，它们可以通过与用于哺乳动物 MSC 分化相似的细胞因子诱导系统诱导分化为成骨细胞、软骨细胞和成脂细胞谱系细胞。因此，它们被认为与哺乳动物 MSCs 相似。与哺乳动物不同，两栖动物具有较高的再生能力。本研究的结果将有助于未来的研究揭示非洲爪蟾 MSCs 如何参与两栖动物的再生能力，并阐明哺乳动物和两栖动物之间再生能力的差异。
