Human Molecular Cytogenetics and Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India.
Department of Zoology, Avinashilingam Institute for Home Science and Higher Education for Women, Coimbatore, 641 043, Tamil Nadu, India.
Neurosci Lett. 2021 Jun 11;755:135903. doi: 10.1016/j.neulet.2021.135903. Epub 2021 Apr 21.
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease with multifactorial aetiology that influences the quality of life. However, the association of possible factors with PD is need to be investigated in Indian population, hence we aimed to determine the association of lifestyle, environmental factors, biochemical parameters and genetic insights of MT-ND1 gene in PD patients. Using a standardised questionnaire, PD patients and control group of about 146 subjects were interviewed on demographic, lifestyle and environmental factors. The subjects includes n = 73 Parkinson's patients [juvenile (n = 4); early-onset (n = 8); late-onset (n = 61)] with equal number of age and sex matched controls, further we had obtained institutional ethical clearance and informed consent from study participants. Biomarker investigations and MT-ND1 alterations were investigated by appropriate molecular techniques. During the average follow-up years of 5.1, significant association was observed among smoking, alcohol, caffeinated drinks, surgery, pesticide exposure at p < 0.05 in varied PD age groups. Occupational exposure to agriculture and industry showed an increased risk among the late-onset group. The biomarkers uric acid (UA) and dopamine (DA) were significant at p < 0.05 in all the three PD age groups. The MT-ND1 alteration with A3843 G variant was significant at p < 0.05 for AG allele in all the three PD groups but the highest prevalence was observed in late-onset group. From our study, smoking, alcohol, caffeinated drinks, occupational influence of agriculture and industry and pesticide exposure had more association with PD occurrence. Hence, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first kind of study in Tamil Nadu population, India to validate the various factors with PD. Therefore we suggest that further research is mandatory to detect other possible associations among PD, using comprehensive larger sample size.
帕金森病（PD）是一种具有多因素病因的神经退行性疾病，会影响生活质量。然而，需要在印度人群中研究可能的因素与 PD 的关联，因此我们旨在确定生活方式、环境因素、生化参数和 MT-ND1 基因的遗传见解与 PD 患者的关联。使用标准化问卷，对大约 146 名 PD 患者和对照组的患者进行了人口统计学、生活方式和环境因素的访谈。研究对象包括 n=73 名帕金森病患者[青少年（n=4）；早发性（n=8）；晚发性（n=61）]，与年龄和性别匹配的对照组人数相同，此外，我们已从研究参与者处获得了机构伦理批准和知情同意。通过适当的分子技术研究了生物标志物检测和 MT-ND1 改变。在平均 5.1 年的随访期间，在不同 PD 年龄组中，吸烟、饮酒、含咖啡因饮料、手术、农药暴露与 p<0.05 之间存在显著关联。晚发性组中，农业和工业职业暴露显示出更高的风险。尿酸（UA）和多巴胺（DA）两种生物标志物在所有三个 PD 年龄组中均具有统计学意义（p<0.05）。MT-ND1 改变与 A3843G 变异体在所有三个 PD 组中的 AG 等位基因均具有统计学意义（p<0.05），但在晚发性组中观察到的最高患病率。根据我们的研究，吸烟、饮酒、含咖啡因饮料、农业和工业的职业影响以及农药暴露与 PD 的发生有更多的关联。因此，据我们所知，这是印度泰米尔纳德邦首次进行的各种因素与 PD 相关的研究。因此，我们建议，需要使用更大的综合样本量，进行进一步的研究以检测 PD 之间的其他可能关联。
