Faculty of Education and Sport Sciences, Universitdade de Vigo, Campus a Xunqueira, s/n., 36005, Pontevedra, Spain.
SALBIS Research Group. Faculty of Health Sciences, Nursing and Physical Therapy Department. Universidad de León, Astorga Ave. 15, 24401, Ponferrada, Spain.
Gait Posture. 2021 Jun;87:81-86. doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2021.04.027. Epub 2021 Apr 19.
Although the effects of balance training on unstable surfaces have been widely studied, the impact of exposure to an unstable surface in static balance throughout childhood has not been described to date.
How does postural stability vary between sexes in children 6-12 years of age during single leg static support on unstable surface? What are the normative values of centre of mass acceleration in the mentioned age range during such test? Is the postural stability on an unstable surface in the postural control of children aged 6-12 years during static single-leg stance. Secondarily, the normative acceleration values of the gravity centre, recorded during such tests and throughout the mentioned age range, were also provided.
Descriptive, transversal study conducted with a total of 316 school children (girls = 158). The analysed variables were the mean and maximum values obtained in each of the three body axes and their root mean square during static single-leg support test on an unstable surface (a mat).
Accelerations decreased in magnitude with the increasing age of the participants. The highest accelerometric values were recorded in the medio-lateral axis in both sexes and throughout the entire age range studied. Between sexes, the greatest differences were obtained between 8 and 11 year-olds. The regression models revealed significant values about the influence of sex on the accelerometric variables (girls were more likely to obtain less accelerations in postural adjustments with increasing age).
Boys depend more on somatoaesthetic information, whereas girls would use more visual and vestibular information. In the age range of 8-11 years, the postural control system is significantly different between sexes regarding the hierarchy of the efferent information of the available postural control subsystems. Moreover, the reactions of straightening and postural control on single-leg stance are, fundamentally, flexion-extension movements.
虽然在不稳定表面上进行平衡训练的效果已经得到了广泛的研究，但目前还没有描述儿童在整个童年时期在静态平衡中暴露于不稳定表面的影响。
在不稳定表面上单腿静态支撑时，6-12 岁儿童的性别之间的姿势稳定性如何变化？在该年龄段的此类测试中，质心加速度的正常值是多少？在 6-12 岁儿童的静态单腿站立姿势控制中，不稳定表面上的姿势稳定性如何。其次，还提供了在此类测试和整个所述年龄范围内记录的质心加速度的正常值。
进行了一项描述性、横断面研究，共有 316 名学童（女孩=158 名）参与。分析的变量是在不稳定表面（垫子）上单腿静态支撑测试中每个身体三个轴的平均值和最大值及其均方根。
加速度随参与者年龄的增加而减小。在男女两性和整个研究年龄范围内，中-侧轴上的加速度值最高。在两性之间，8 至 11 岁之间的差异最大。回归模型显示了性别对加速度变量的影响具有显著意义（随着年龄的增长，女孩在姿势调整中获得的加速度越小）。
男孩更多地依赖躯体感觉信息，而女孩则更多地使用视觉和前庭信息。在 8-11 岁年龄范围内，姿势控制系统在性别之间存在显著差异，涉及到可用姿势控制系统子系统的传出信息的层次结构。此外，单腿站立的伸直和姿势控制反应从根本上说是屈伸运动。
