Hydrobiogeochemistry and Pollution Control Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh.
Hydrobiogeochemistry and Pollution Control Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh.
Sci Total Environ. 2021 Aug 25;784:147137. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147137. Epub 2021 Apr 16.
Microplastic (MP) contamination in fish species is one of the emerging environmental problems due to the proliferation of plastic pollution in the environment. The occurrence of MPs in the freshwater of Bangladesh is currently unreported, and in contrast to other counties of the world, little is known about the occurrence of this contaminant in freshwater fishes. Hence, this study investigated the abundance, characteristics, and variation of MPs in different commercial freshwater fish species from Bangladesh. This country generates a considerable amount of plastic waste annually, and a significant portion of its remains uncollected. Forty eight fishes from eighteen taxa spanning different feeding zones were collected to observe the difference in MPs ingestion rate among various feeding zones. MPs were found in the gastrointestinal tracts (GIT) of 73.3% of all examined fish samples, which is relatively higher than previously reported studies in other regions. The abundance of MPs was found highest in Mystus vittatus among all of the fish species. Microscopic analyses (polarized light, SEM) revealed that MPs were dominated by fiber in shape and transparent in color. Fourier Transform Infrared analysis (FTIR) showed that polymers found in fish GIT were high density polyethylene, polypropylene-polyethylene copolymer and ethylene vinyl acetate. The results of this study show that demersal fishes presented a higher amount of MPs than registered in benthopelagic and pelagic fishes, indicating the ingestion of plastics in fish may relate to the feeding habitat. However, differences in body weight and length of the fishes were not found to influence the MPs ingestion. Our findings will help to aware people which freshwater fishes and fishes from which feeding zone are more contaminated with MPs to human consumption in Bangladesh.
微塑料（MP）污染在鱼类物种中是一个新兴的环境问题，由于环境中塑料污染的扩散。孟加拉国淡水的 MPs 目前尚未报道，与世界其他国家相比，人们对这种污染物在淡水中鱼类中的存在知之甚少。因此，本研究调查了孟加拉国不同商业淡水鱼类中 MPs 的丰度、特征和变化。该国每年产生大量塑料废物，其中很大一部分未被收集。从 18 个摄食区采集了 48 种鱼类，以观察不同摄食区之间 MPs 摄入率的差异。在所有检查的鱼类样本中，有 73.3%的样本胃肠道（GIT）中发现了 MPs，这一比例高于以前在其他地区报道的研究。在所研究的所有鱼类中，Mystus vittatus 中 MPs 的丰度最高。微观分析（偏光、SEM）表明， MPs 主要呈纤维状，颜色透明。傅里叶变换红外分析（FTIR）表明，鱼类 GIT 中发现的聚合物是高密度聚乙烯、聚丙烯-聚乙烯共聚物和乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯。本研究结果表明，底栖鱼类比底栖和洄游鱼类摄入的 MPs 更多，这表明鱼类摄入塑料可能与摄食栖息地有关。然而，未发现鱼类体重和体长的差异对 MPs 摄入有影响。我们的研究结果将有助于人们了解孟加拉国哪些淡水鱼类和哪些摄食区的鱼类受到 MPs 的污染更严重，以便人类食用。
