Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka.
Medical Research Institute, Colombo, Sri Lanka.
Int J Infect Dis. 2021 Jun;107:129-134. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2021.04.002. Epub 2021 Apr 22.
Determining the dynamics of maternally transferred antibodies against measles, mumps, and rubella infections in infants is important for making evidence-based policy decisions regarding the timing of vaccination.
The levels of serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) developed against measles, mumps, and rubella infections were assessed using commercial ELISA kits in mother-newborn pairs (n = 294) and 6-12-month-old infants (n = 280) recruited from Colombo District, Sri Lanka. Antibody levels of mothers and their newborns were assessed with respect to sex and parity. Antibody levels and the protection conferred were assessed in a sample of infants who completed 6-12 months of age in relation to their age and sex. Antibody levels were compared between different age and sex groups using the Mann-Whitney U-test, and correlations of antibody titers were performed using the Spearman correlation test.
The prevalence rates of seropositivity for measles, mumps, and rubella were 91.5%, 89%, and 88%, respectively, in mothers, and 95%, 91.5%, and 93%, respectively, in their newborns. The newborns had mean IgG levels exceeding those of the mothers (P < 0.001). Mothers with natural infections had higher antibody levels compared to vaccinated mothers, which resulted in a higher level of maternal transfer. All of the infants who were 9-10 months of age or older were seronegative for measles, all of those who were 10-11 months of age or older were seronegative for rubella, and all of those who were 11-12 months old were seronegative for mumps.
The maternal transfer of antibodies to newborns is efficient and renders protection until the infants are 6-7 months old in the case of mumps and rubella and 7-8 months old in the case of measles. Hence infants remain vulnerable to infections before the first dose of the MMR vaccine.
确定婴儿麻疹、腮腺炎和风疹感染的母体转移抗体的动态对于针对疫苗接种时间制定基于证据的政策决策非常重要。
在来自斯里兰卡科伦坡区的母亲-新生儿对（n = 294）和 6-12 个月大的婴儿（n = 280）中，使用商业 ELISA 试剂盒评估针对麻疹、腮腺炎和风疹感染产生的血清免疫球蛋白 G（IgG）水平。根据性别和产次评估母亲及其新生儿的抗体水平。评估了在完成 6-12 个月龄的婴儿样本中，抗体水平与年龄和性别相关的保护情况。使用曼-惠特尼 U 检验比较不同年龄和性别组之间的抗体水平，使用斯皮尔曼相关检验进行抗体滴度的相关性。
母亲的麻疹、腮腺炎和风疹血清阳性率分别为 91.5%、89%和 88%，其新生儿分别为 95%、91.5%和 93%。新生儿的 IgG 水平均值高于母亲（P < 0.001）。自然感染的母亲的抗体水平高于接种疫苗的母亲，导致更高的母体转移。所有 9-10 个月大或以上的婴儿均对麻疹呈血清阴性，所有 10-11 个月大或以上的婴儿均对风疹呈血清阴性，所有 11-12 个月大的婴儿均对腮腺炎呈血清阴性。
母体向新生儿转移抗体的效率很高，可保护新生儿免受腮腺炎和风疹的感染，直至婴儿 6-7 个月大，麻疹的保护期则为 7-8 个月。因此，在接种 MMR 疫苗之前，婴儿仍容易受到感染。
