Cao Guo-Ding, Pei Yu-Qi, Liu Jun, Li Peng, Liu Peng, Li Xu-Sheng
The 940th Hospital Joint Logistics Support Force of Peoples Liberation Army, Lanzhou 730050, Gansu, China.
Zhongguo Gu Shang. 2021 Apr 25;34(4):382-8. doi: 10.12200/j.issn.1003-0034.2021.04.018.
In the process of repairing of bone defects, bone scaffold materials need to be implanted to restore the corresponding tissue structure at the injury. At present, the repair materials used for bone defects mainly include autogenous bone, allogeneic bone, metal materials, bioceramics, polymer materials and various composite materials. Different materials have demonstrated strong reconstruction ability in bone repair, but the ideal bone implants in the clinic are still yet to be established. Except for autogenous bone, other materials used in bone defect repair are unable to perfectly balance biocompatibility, bone formation, bone conduction and osteoinduction. Combining the latest advances in materials sciences and clinical application, we believe that composite materials supplementedwith Chinese medicine, tissue cells, cytokines, trace elements, etc. and manufactured using advanced technologies such as additive manufacturing technology may have ideal bone repair performance, and may have profound significance in clinical repair of bone defects of special type. This article reviewed to the domestic and foreign literature in recent years, and elaborates the current status of bone defect repair materials in clinical application and basic research in regard to the advantages, clinical options, shortcomings, and how to improve the autogenous bone, allogeneic bone and artificial bone materials, in order to provide a theoretical basis for clinical management of bone defects.
在骨缺损修复过程中，需要植入骨支架材料以恢复损伤处的相应组织结构。目前，用于骨缺损的修复材料主要包括自体骨、异体骨、金属材料、生物陶瓷、高分子材料以及各种复合材料。不同材料在骨修复中均展现出较强的重建能力，但临床上理想的骨植入物仍有待确立。除自体骨外，其他用于骨缺损修复的材料无法完美平衡生物相容性、骨形成、骨传导和骨诱导。结合材料科学的最新进展和临床应用，我们认为补充了中药、组织细胞、细胞因子、微量元素等，并采用增材制造技术等先进技术制造的复合材料可能具有理想的骨修复性能，且可能在特殊类型骨缺损的临床修复中具有深远意义。本文回顾了近年来国内外文献，阐述了骨缺损修复材料在临床应用和基础研究方面的现状，包括自体骨、异体骨和人工骨材料的优势、临床选择、缺点以及如何改进，以便为骨缺损的临床治疗提供理论依据。
