Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Emory Integrated Metabolomics and Lipidomics Core, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Gut Microbes. 2021 Jan-Dec;13(1):1-21. doi: 10.1080/19490976.2021.1911572.
Cardiometabolic syndrome encompasses intertwined risk factors such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, elevated triglycerides, abdominal obesity, and other maladaptive metabolic and inflammatory aberrations. As the molecular mechanisms linking cardiovascular disease and metabolic disorders are investigated, endocannabinoids have emerged as molecules of interest. The endocannabinoid system (ECS) of biologically active lipids has been implicated in several conditions, including chronic liver disease, osteoporosis, and more recently in cardiovascular diseases. The gut microbiome is a major regulator of inflammatory and metabolic signaling in the host, and if disrupted, has the potential to drive metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. Extensive studies have unraveled the impact of the gut microbiome on host physiology, with recent reports showing that gut microbes exquisitely control the ECS, with significant influences on host metabolic and cardiac health. In this review, we outline how modulation of the gut microbiome affects host metabolism and cardiovascular health via the ECS, and how these findings could be exploited as novel therapeutic targets for various metabolic and cardiac diseases.
代谢心血管综合征包含多种相互交织的风险因素，如高血压、血脂异常、甘油三酯升高、腹部肥胖以及其他代谢和炎症异常。随着对心血管疾病和代谢紊乱相关分子机制的研究，内源性大麻素作为一种有前景的物质开始受到关注。生物活性脂质的内源性大麻素系统 (ECS) 与多种疾病有关，包括慢性肝病、骨质疏松症，以及最近与心血管疾病有关。肠道微生物组是宿主炎症和代谢信号的主要调节剂，如果被破坏，有可能导致代谢和心血管疾病。大量研究揭示了肠道微生物组对宿主生理学的影响，最近的报告显示，肠道微生物组可以精确控制 ECS，对宿主的代谢和心脏健康有重要影响。在这篇综述中，我们概述了肠道微生物组如何通过 ECS 影响宿主代谢和心血管健康，以及这些发现如何作为各种代谢和心脏疾病的新型治疗靶点。
