Zvara B J, Lathren C, Mills-Koonce R
Maternal and Child Health, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
Integrated Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
Fam Relat. 2020 Apr;69(2):233-246. doi: 10.1111/fare.12423. Epub 2020 Jan 20.
Household chaos and insecure parental attachment styles are associated with lower quality parenting behaviors. However, there is a paucity of evidence regarding fathers' parenting behaviors, and no studies examine if chaotic home environments moderate the attachment style-parenting behavior relationship. Using data from both mothers and fathers of 742 children (40.5% African American) living in rural, low-resource communities, the current study examined the individual and joint effects of self-reported adult attachment style and two domains of household chaos on observed maternal and paternal parenting behaviors during structured play with their 58-month old child (49.6% female). Multivariate models revealed that, even after controlling for confounders, attachment insecurity predicted lower quality parenting behavior for mothers and fathers. Further, for both mothers and fathers, the disorganized domain of household chaos, representing environments high in noise, clutter and disorder, predicted less sensitive and more intrusive parenting behavior. Finally, for mothers with dismissive attachment styles, high levels of disorganization appeared to exacerbate caregiving difficulties; this moderating relationship was not evident for fathers. These findings suggest that the stress of a chronically disorganized family environment may impact the expression of mothers' insecure tendencies in the context of parenting, thereby intensifying less sensitive and more intrusive parenting behaviors.
家庭混乱和不安全的父母依恋模式与较低质量的养育行为相关。然而，关于父亲养育行为的证据匮乏，且没有研究考察混乱的家庭环境是否会调节依恋模式与养育行为之间的关系。本研究利用来自生活在农村低资源社区的742名儿童（40.5%为非裔美国人）的父母的数据，考察了自我报告的成人依恋模式和家庭混乱的两个维度对在与58个月大孩子（49.6%为女孩）进行结构化游戏期间观察到的母亲和父亲养育行为的个体和共同影响。多变量模型显示，即使在控制了混杂因素之后，依恋不安全感仍预示着母亲和父亲的养育行为质量较低。此外，对于母亲和父亲来说，家庭混乱的无序维度，即代表高噪音、杂乱和无序的环境，预示着养育行为缺乏敏感性且更具侵扰性。最后，对于具有轻视依恋风格的母亲来说，高度的无序似乎会加剧育儿困难；这种调节关系在父亲身上并不明显。这些发现表明，长期无序的家庭环境所带来的压力可能会影响母亲在养育子女过程中不安全倾向的表现，从而加剧养育行为缺乏敏感性和更具侵扰性的情况。
