Miki Ayako, Kinno Ryuta, Ochiai Hirotaka, Kubota Satomi, Mori Yukiko, Futamura Akinori, Sugimoto Azusa, Kuroda Takeshi, Kasai Hideyo, Yano Satoshi, Hieda Sotaro, Kokaze Akatsuki, Ono Kenjiro
Department of Hygiene, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan.
Front Aging Neurosci. 2021 Apr 9;13:667215. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.667215. eCollection 2021.
Dementia and cognitive impairment are considered to be one of the biggest social and medical problems. While there is a definite relationship between vitamin B and cognitive decline, this has yet to be fully assessed with regard to sex differences. Thus, the present study investigated the relationship of vitamin B1 or vitamin B12 with dementia in accordance with the sex in 188 patients who visited the Memory Clinic at Showa University Hospital in Japan from March 2016 to March 2019. Cognitive function was tested by the Japanese version of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Hasegawa Dementia Scale-Revised (HDS-R). Blood tests were performed to measure the vitamin levels. Logistic regression analysis was used to calculate the odds ratio (OR) for dementia and the 95% confidence interval (CI). Compared to the highest vitamin group (third tertile), the lowest vitamin group (first tertile) exhibited a significantly increased OR for dementia defined by MMSE for vitamin B1 (OR:3.73, 95% CI:1.52-9.16) and vitamin B12 (2.97, 1.22-7.28) among women. In contrast, vitamin levels were not significantly associated with dementia determined by MMSE in men. These findings were similar even when dementia was defined by HDS-R. The present study suggests that vitamin B1 plays a role in preventing development of dementia in women. Future longitudinal studies will need to be undertaken in order to examine whether decreasing vitamin levels occur before or after cognitive impairment, and whether maintaining a higher vitamin level can prevent a worsening of cognitive function and the development of dementia.
痴呆和认知障碍被认为是最大的社会和医学问题之一。虽然维生素B与认知能力下降之间存在明确关系，但在性别差异方面尚未得到充分评估。因此，本研究调查了2016年3月至2019年3月期间就诊于日本昭和大学医院记忆门诊的188例患者中，维生素B1或维生素B12与痴呆按性别划分的关系。认知功能通过日语版简易精神状态检查表（MMSE）和长谷川痴呆量表修订版（HDS-R）进行测试。进行血液检测以测量维生素水平。采用逻辑回归分析计算痴呆的比值比（OR）和95%置信区间（CI）。与维生素水平最高组（第三个三分位数）相比，维生素水平最低组（第一个三分位数）在女性中，MMSE定义的痴呆的OR显著增加，维生素B1的OR为3.73（95%CI：1.52-9.16），维生素B12的OR为2.97（1.22-7.28）。相比之下，男性中维生素水平与MMSE确定的痴呆无显著关联。即使痴呆由HDS-R定义，这些结果也是相似的。本研究表明，维生素B1在预防女性痴呆的发生中起作用。未来需要进行纵向研究，以检查维生素水平降低是发生在认知障碍之前还是之后，以及维持较高的维生素水平是否可以预防认知功能恶化和痴呆的发展。
