Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.
Department of Medical Sciences, School of Healthcare and Medical Sciences, Sunway University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia.
J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich). 2019 Aug;21(8):1091-1098. doi: 10.1111/jch.13558. Epub 2019 May 27.
Approximately 365 million people in Asia were classified as elderly in 2017. This number is rising and expected to reach approximately 520 million by 2030. The risk of hypertension and cognitive impairment/dementia increases with age. Recent data also show that the prevalence of hypertension and age-related dementia are rising in Asian countries. Moreover, not many people in Asian countries are aware of the relationship between hypertension and cognitive impairment/dementia. Furthermore, hypertension control is poorer in Asia than in developed countries. Hypertension is known to be a major risk factor for damage to target organs, including the brain. Decreased cognitive function can indicate the presence of target organ damage in the brain. Twenty-four-hour blood pressure profiles and blood pressure variability have been associated with cognitive impairment and/or silent cerebral diseases, such as silent cerebral infarction or white matter lesions, which are predisposing conditions for cognitive impairment and dementia. Hypertension that occurs in midlife also affects the incidence of cognitive impairments in later life. Managing and controlling blood pressure could preserve cognitive functions, such as by reducing the risk of vascular dementia and by reducing the global burden of stroke, which also affects cognitive function.
2017 年，亚洲约有 3.65 亿人被归类为老年人。这个数字正在上升，预计到 2030 年将达到约 5.2 亿。高血压和认知障碍/痴呆的风险随着年龄的增长而增加。最近的数据还表明，亚洲国家的高血压和与年龄相关的痴呆症患病率正在上升。此外，亚洲国家并没有很多人意识到高血压和认知障碍/痴呆之间的关系。此外，亚洲的高血压控制情况比发达国家差。众所周知，高血压是损害靶器官（包括大脑）的主要危险因素。认知功能下降可能表明大脑存在靶器官损伤。24 小时血压谱和血压变异性与认知障碍和/或无症状性脑疾病（如无症状性脑梗死或白质病变）相关，这些疾病是认知障碍和痴呆的易患条件。中年发生的高血压也会影响晚年认知障碍的发生率。管理和控制血压可以保护认知功能，例如降低血管性痴呆的风险，并降低也会影响认知功能的中风的全球负担。
