You Xinda, Xiao Ke, Wu Hong, Li Yafei, Li Runlai, Yuan Jinqiu, Zhang Runnan, Zhang Zhiming, Liang Xu, Shen Jianliang, Jiang Zhongyi
Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China.
iScience. 2021 Mar 26;24(4):102369. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102369. eCollection 2021 Apr 23.
Interfacial polymerization (IP) is a platform technology for ultrathin membranes. However, most efforts in regulating the IP process have been focused on short-range H-bond interaction, often leading to low-permselective membranes. Herein, we report an electrostatic-modulated interfacial polymerization (eIP) supercharged phosphate-rich substrates toward ultra-permselective polyamide membranes. Phytate, a natural strongly charged organophosphate, confers high-density long-range electrostatic attraction to aqueous monomers and affords tunable charge density by flexible metal-organophosphate coordination. The electrostatic attraction spatially enriches amine monomers and temporally decelerates their diffusion into organic phase to be polymerized with acyl chloride monomers, triggering membrane sealing and inhibiting membrane growth, thus generating polyamide membranes with reduced thickness and enhanced cross-linking. The optimized nearly 10-nm-thick and highly cross-linked polyamide membrane displays superior water permeance and ionic selectivity. This eIP approach is applicable to the majority of conventional IP processes and can be extended to fabricate a variety of advanced membranes from polymers, supermolecules, and organic framework materials.
界面聚合（IP）是一种用于制备超薄膜的平台技术。然而，大多数调节IP过程的努力都集中在短程氢键相互作用上，这往往导致膜的渗透选择性较低。在此，我们报道了一种静电调制的界面聚合（eIP）方法，该方法通过富含磷酸盐的带高电荷的底物制备超渗透选择性聚酰胺膜。植酸盐是一种天然的带强电荷的有机磷酸盐，它赋予水性单体高密度的长程静电吸引力，并通过灵活的金属-有机磷酸盐配位提供可调节的电荷密度。静电吸引力在空间上富集胺单体，并在时间上减缓它们扩散到有机相中与酰氯单体聚合的速度，从而引发膜的密封并抑制膜的生长，进而制备出厚度减小且交联增强的聚酰胺膜。优化后的近10纳米厚且高度交联的聚酰胺膜表现出优异的水渗透性能和离子选择性。这种eIP方法适用于大多数传统的IP过程，并且可以扩展到由聚合物、超分子和有机框架材料制备各种先进的膜。
