College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China.
Zhejiang Yangzhikang Bio-technology Co., Ltd, Huzhou 313200, P. R. China.
Food Funct. 2021 Apr 26;12(8):3493-3503. doi: 10.1039/d1fo00297j.
Edible mushrooms have potential in anti-diabetic phytotherapy. They are rich in natural compounds such as polysaccharides, which have been known to have antihyperlipidemic effects since ancient times. A polysaccharide fraction of PP80 and a contained low molecular-weight (Mw), water-soluble polysaccharide (PPW-1, Mw: 3.2 kDa) were isolated from the fruiting body of Phellinus pini. Both PP80 and PPW-1 possess α-glucosidase inhibition and glucose consumption amelioration in an insulin-resistant HepG2 cell model. The α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of PPW-1 (IC50 = 2.2 ± 0.1 mg mL-1) is significantly (P < 0.01) higher than those of PP80 (IC50 = 13.1 ± 0.5 mg mL-1) and acarbose (IC50 = 4.3 ± 0.2 mg mL-1), behaving in a non-competitive inhibition manner. The structural characterization results indicated that PPW-1 is a homogeneous heteropolysaccharide composed of d-glucose, d-mannose, d-galactose and l-rhamnose. The major backbone of PPW-1 is primarily comprised of 1,6-linked glucopyranose, every third residue of which is branched at the O-3 position by a side chain consisting of 1,3-linked and terminal glucopyranose. In addition, small amounts of 1,2-linked-α-d-Manp, 1,6-linked-3-O-Me-α-d-Galp and rhamnose exist in PPW-1. In summary, PPW-1 is a novel heteropolysaccharide with potent in vitro hypoglycemic activity, and it may be a potential dietary component for improving glucose homeostasis.
食用蘑菇在抗糖尿病植物疗法中有潜力。它们富含天然化合物，如多糖，自古以来就被认为具有降血脂作用。从松乳菇子实体中分离得到多糖部分 PP80 和一种包含低分子量（Mw）、水溶性多糖（PPW-1，Mw：3.2 kDa）。PP80 和 PPW-1 均在胰岛素抵抗 HepG2 细胞模型中具有α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制和葡萄糖消耗改善作用。PPW-1 的α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性（IC50 = 2.2 ± 0.1 mg mL-1）明显（P < 0.01）高于 PP80（IC50 = 13.1 ± 0.5 mg mL-1）和阿卡波糖（IC50 = 4.3 ± 0.2 mg mL-1），表现为非竞争性抑制。结构表征结果表明，PPW-1 是一种均一的杂多糖，由 d-葡萄糖、d-甘露糖、d-半乳糖和 l-鼠李糖组成。PPW-1 的主要骨架主要由 1,6-连接的吡喃葡萄糖组成，每第三个残基在 O-3 位置分支，由 1,3-连接和末端吡喃葡萄糖组成的侧链。此外，PPW-1 中还存在少量的 1,2-连接-α-d-Manp、1,6-连接-3-O-Me-α-d-Galp 和鼠李糖。总之，PPW-1 是一种具有潜在体外降血糖活性的新型杂多糖，可能是改善葡萄糖稳态的潜在膳食成分。
