Kakimoto Y, Nakamura A, Tarui H, Nagasawa Y, Yagura S
Behavioral Science Division, JASDF, Tokyo, Japan.
Aviat Space Environ Med. 1988 Jun;59(6):511-6.
The physiological responses of heart rate and salivary cortisol for six paired captains and co-pilots during JASDF scheduled transport flights were compared to assess crew workload. The relative change of both responses showed similar patterns and were influenced significantly by whether pilots were controlling the aircraft. Moreover, differences in flying experience and responsibility of captains and co-pilots influenced the two physiological responses; heart rate and salivary cortisol measures increased more for both captains and co-pilots while they were in control of the aircraft than when they were not. Compared to captains, co-pilots showed much higher activation and variability in relative change of heart rate and salivary cortisol between periods of controlling and non-controlling the aircraft. On the other hand, captains showed relatively constant responses comparing aircraft controlling and non-controlling periods, especially in the cruise phase of flight. Salivary cortisol may be a useful, non-invasive method of assess crew workload.
为评估机组人员的工作量，比较了日本航空自卫队定期运输飞行期间六对机长和副驾驶的心率和唾液皮质醇的生理反应。两种反应的相对变化呈现相似模式，并且受飞行员是否在操控飞机的显著影响。此外，机长和副驾驶飞行经验和职责的差异影响了这两种生理反应；机长和副驾驶在操控飞机时，心率和唾液皮质醇测量值的增加幅度均大于未操控飞机时。与机长相比，副驾驶在操控和未操控飞机期间心率和唾液皮质醇相对变化的激活程度和变异性更高。另一方面，机长在操控和未操控飞机期间的反应相对恒定，尤其是在飞行巡航阶段。唾液皮质醇可能是一种评估机组人员工作量的有用的非侵入性方法。
