Shchepin V O, Khabriev R U
N. A. Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health, 105064, Moscow, Russia,
N. A. Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health, 105064, Moscow, Russia.
Probl Sotsialnoi Gig Zdravookhranenniiai Istor Med. 2021 Mar;29(2):189-193. doi: 10.32687/0869-866X-2021-29-2-189-193.
To preserve the country's population is among one of the most vital tasks over the period of existence of the new Russia and constitutes the subject of national security. The article presents the results of analysis of population mortality rate of the Russian Federation, the Central Federal Okrug and City of Moscow during the first eight months of 2020 towards to concurrent period of 2019. In January-March 2020, the population total mortality rate, retaining prevalent trends of number of preceding years, decreased in the Russian Federation by 3.8%, in the Central Federal Okrug by 3.0% and in City of Moscow by 3.9%. However, since April-May the situation has changed dramatically and, according to the results of January-August, mortality by this time has increased, and its growth made up to 6.5% in the Russian Federation, 7.8% in the Central Federal Okrug and 15.6% in the City of Moscow. In May 2020, the gain of absolute number of the deceased in the Russian Federation by months (towards to concurrent month of 2019) made up to 11.9%, in June to 18.6%, in July to 19.7% and in August to 9.6%. In Moscow, the peak values of this increase were noted in May - 57.2% and in June - 41.6% In the conditions of new coronavirus infection pandemic, the share of COVID-19, as main cause of death (ICD-10 codes U07.1 and U07.2), in the structure of total mortality in April-August consisted 3.2% and in the structure of excess deaths in May-August - 28.6%. The increase of mortality and continued decrease of birth rate resulted in increasing of natural population loss by 1.5 times and more and reached such values as -3.6 in the Russian Federation, -4.9 in the Central Federal Okrug and -1.6 in the City of Moscow (per 1000 of population). The process of depopulation of the Russian nation not only retained, but significantly has become significantly aggravated.
在新俄罗斯存在的这段时期，保持国家人口数量是最为重要的任务之一，也是国家安全的主题。本文呈现了2020年前八个月俄罗斯联邦、中央联邦区和莫斯科市人口死亡率相对于2019年同期的分析结果。2020年1月至3月，俄罗斯联邦人口总死亡率保持前几年的普遍趋势，下降了3.8%，中央联邦区下降了3.0%，莫斯科市下降了3.9%。然而，自4月至5月情况发生了巨大变化，根据1月至8月的结果，此时死亡率上升，俄罗斯联邦的死亡率增长了6.5%，中央联邦区增长了7.8%，莫斯科市增长了15.6%。2020年5月，俄罗斯联邦按月份计算（相对于2019年同期月份）死亡人数的绝对增加量在5月达到11.9%，6月达到18.6%，7月达到19.7%，8月达到9.6%。在莫斯科，这一增长的峰值出现在5月——57.2%，6月——41.6%。在新冠病毒感染大流行的情况下，作为主要死亡原因（国际疾病分类第十版编码U07.1和U07.2）的新冠疫情在4月至8月总死亡率结构中的占比为3.2%，在5月至8月超额死亡结构中的占比为28.6%。死亡率的上升和出生率的持续下降导致自然人口减少增加了1.5倍多，俄罗斯联邦达到-3.6，中央联邦区达到-4.9，莫斯科市达到-1.6（每千人口）。俄罗斯民族的人口减少进程不仅持续，而且显著加剧。
