尼日利亚居民对 COVID-19 传播和预防措施的知识、态度和实践：基于社交媒体的人口调查。

Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices towards COVID-19 Transmission and Preventive Measures among Residents of Nigeria: A Population-Based Survey through Social Media.

机构信息

Limi Multispecialty Hospital, Abuja, Nigeria.

Mcray Victus Nigeria Limited, Abuja, Nigeria.

出版信息

West Afr J Med. 2021 Apr 23;38(4):347-358.

PMID:33901392

Abstract

BACKGROUND

COVID-19 was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) on 11th March 2020. Individuals with correct understanding about the risks and severity of the disease are more likely to respond positively and practice recommended preventive measures.

OBJECTIVES

To assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards COVID-19 transmission and preventive measures among residents of Nigeria.

METHODS

The study was cross-sectional and involved 469 participants from 1st July to 31st August 2020. A 36-item questionnaire with Cronbach alpha of 0.753 was adapted and administered through an online survey tool. A snowball sampling approach was employed whereby the questionnaire link was distributed through social media networks including WhatsApp©, Facebook© and Instagram©. Data was analysed using SPSS 23 and a statistical significance level of 0.05 was used. Bivariate and multivariate analysis were employed to determine factors affecting the knowledge, attitude and practices towards COVID-19 transmission and prevention.

RESULTS

The mean age of participants was 39±11.29years. Majority (54%) of the participants heard about COVID-19 through mass and social media. The study found that 71.6% of the participants had good knowledge, just 31.3% had a good attitude while 84.9% of them had good practices towards COVID-19 in Nigeria. The high rates of the knowledge and practices were driven by income, age, education and marital status.

CONCLUSIONS

Majority of the study participants showed correct knowledge and adhered to recommended practices towards COVID- 19. However, there were gaps in the understanding of the underlying realities and beliefs in certain myths about COVID-19. Hence, interventions such as jingles and posters in various languages that would serve to correct the negative perceptions and myths about COVID-19 instituted through mass media and social media are recommended.

摘要

背景

2020 年 3 月 11 日，世界卫生组织（WHO）宣布 COVID-19 为大流行。对疾病风险和严重程度有正确认识的个人更有可能做出积极反应并采取建议的预防措施。

目的

评估尼日利亚居民对 COVID-19 传播和预防措施的知识、态度和做法。

方法

该研究为横断面研究，于 2020 年 7 月 1 日至 8 月 31 日期间纳入了 469 名参与者。采用 36 项的问卷，克朗巴赫系数为 0.753，通过在线调查工具进行改编和管理。采用滚雪球抽样方法，通过 WhatsApp©、Facebook©和 Instagram©等社交媒体网络分发问卷链接。使用 SPSS 23 进行数据分析，使用 0.05 的统计显着性水平。采用双变量和多变量分析来确定影响 COVID-19 传播和预防知识、态度和实践的因素。

结果

参与者的平均年龄为 39±11.29 岁。大多数（54%）参与者通过大众和社交媒体了解 COVID-19。研究发现，71.6%的参与者对 COVID-19 有良好的认识，只有 31.3%的参与者有良好的态度，84.9%的参与者在尼日利亚对 COVID-19 有良好的实践。知识和实践的高比率是由收入、年龄、教育和婚姻状况驱动的。