Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium.
University Psychiatric Hospital UPC KU Leuven, Belgium; Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, Belgium.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2021 Aug;127:242-254. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.04.022. Epub 2021 Apr 24.
Impairments in maintaining a differentiated sense of "self" and "other" are thought to be a central feature of borderline personality disorder (BPD). However, studies directly focusing on self-other distinction (SOD) in BPD are scarce, and these findings have not yet been integrated with novel insights into the neural mechanism involved in SOD. Here, we present a narrative review of recent behavioral and neuroimaging findings focusing on impairments in SOD in BPD. Behavioral findings of SOD at the embodied level provide preliminary evidence for impairments in multisensory integration in BPD. Furthermore, both behavioral and neuroscientific data converge to suggest that SOD impairments in BPD reflect an inability to shift between self and other representations according to task demands. Research also suggests that disruptions in infant-caregiver synchrony may play a role in the development of these impairments. Based on these findings, we present a new, integrative model linking impairments in SOD to reduced neural and behavioral synchrony in BPD. The implications of these findings for future research and clinical interventions are outlined.
自我和他人之间的区分能力受损被认为是边缘型人格障碍（BPD）的一个核心特征。然而，直接关注 BPD 中的自我-他人区分（SOD）的研究很少，这些发现尚未与 SOD 所涉及的神经机制的新见解结合起来。在这里，我们对最近的行为和神经影像学研究进行了叙述性综述，重点关注 BPD 中的 SOD 损伤。在体现层面的 SOD 的行为研究为 BPD 中的多感觉整合损伤提供了初步证据。此外，行为和神经科学数据的融合表明，BPD 中的 SOD 损伤反映了根据任务需求在自我和他人表征之间转换的能力受损。研究还表明，婴儿-照顾者同步的中断可能在这些损伤的发展中起作用。基于这些发现，我们提出了一个新的、综合的模型，将 SOD 的损伤与 BPD 中神经和行为同步性的降低联系起来。这些发现对未来的研究和临床干预的意义被概述出来。
