Kuritz S J, Landis J R
Hoechst Celanese Specialties Group, Chatham, New Jersey 07928.
Biometrics. 1988 Jun;44(2):355-67.
A methodology is proposed for obtaining summary estimators, variances, and confidence intervals for attributable risk measures from data obtained through a case-control study design where one or more controls have been matched to each case. The sampling design for obtaining these data is conceptualized as a simple random sample of cases being equivalent to a simple random sample of matched sets. By combining information across the strata determined by the matched sets, this approach provides all of the benefits associated with the Mantel-Haenszel procedure for the estimators of attributable risk among the exposed and population attributable risk. Asymptotic variances are derived under the assumption that the frequencies of the unique response patterns follow the multinomial distribution. Simulation results indicate that these methods fare very well with respect to bias and coverage probability.
本文提出了一种方法，用于从通过病例对照研究设计获得的数据中获取归因风险度量的汇总估计量、方差和置信区间，其中一个或多个对照与每个病例进行了匹配。获取这些数据的抽样设计被概念化为病例的简单随机样本等同于匹配集的简单随机样本。通过合并由匹配集确定的各层中的信息，该方法为暴露人群归因风险和总体归因风险的估计提供了与Mantel-Haenszel程序相关的所有益处。在唯一反应模式的频率遵循多项分布的假设下推导出渐近方差。模拟结果表明，这些方法在偏差和覆盖概率方面表现非常出色。
