Department of Forest Protection, College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China.
Institute of Forest Protection, Heilongjiang Academy of Forestry, Harbin, China.
Pest Manag Sci. 2021 Sep;77(9):4073-4083. doi: 10.1002/ps.6432. Epub 2021 May 12.
Gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar) is one of the most important pests in the world. Emamectin benzoate (EMB) is widely used in the control of agricultural and forestry pests. Here, we explored the sublethal effects of EMB on gypsy moths in order to better understand the toxicological mechanism of EMB.
The sublethal concentration of EMB exposure significantly decreased the larvae body weight. To further explore the mechanism, indicators related to digestion and nutrient metabolism were detected. The results showed that EMB exposure caused midgut damage, reduced the activities of digestive enzymes and changed the content of sugar and amino acids. Moreover, the expression of insulin/phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K)/forkhead box protein O (FoxO) pathway and sugar metabolism-related genes was abnormal. The expression of insulin receptor (InR), chico, PI3K, and protein kinase B (Akt) significantly reduced, and that of phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN) and FoxO increased. The expression of glycogen phosphorylase (GP) was upregulation and that of glycogen synthase (GS), trehalase (TRE) and trehalose-phosphate synthase (TPS) were downregulation. All results indicated that EMB inhibits the growth of gypsy moth by inducing midgut injury, digestive dysfunction and nutrient metabolism disorder. In addition, EMB caused midgut injury may be related to apoptosis or a collateral effect of the damage in other tissues, and more extensive and deeper research is still needed to investigate the detailed mechanism.
Our finding strengthens the understanding of the sublethal effect of EMB, and provides a theoretical basis for the application of EMB in the prevention and control of gypsy moth.
舞毒蛾（Lymantria dispar）是世界上最重要的害虫之一。甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐（EMB）被广泛用于防治农林害虫。在这里，我们探讨了 EMB 对舞毒蛾的亚致死效应，以便更好地了解 EMB 的毒理学机制。
亚致死浓度的 EMB 暴露显著降低了幼虫的体重。为了进一步探讨其机制，检测了与消化和营养代谢相关的指标。结果表明，EMB 暴露导致中肠损伤，降低了消化酶的活性并改变了糖和氨基酸的含量。此外，胰岛素/磷酸肌醇-3-激酶（PI3K）/叉头框蛋白 O（FoxO）通路和糖代谢相关基因的表达异常。胰岛素受体（InR）、chico、PI3K 和蛋白激酶 B（Akt）的表达显著降低，而磷酸酶和张力蛋白同源物（PTEN）和 FoxO 的表达增加。糖元磷酸化酶（GP）的表达上调，而糖元合成酶（GS）、海藻糖酶（TRE）和海藻糖-6-磷酸合酶（TPS）的表达下调。所有结果表明，EMB 通过诱导中肠损伤、消化功能障碍和营养代谢紊乱来抑制舞毒蛾的生长。此外，EMB 引起的中肠损伤可能与细胞凋亡或其他组织损伤的间接作用有关，仍需要更广泛和更深入的研究来探讨其详细机制。
我们的发现增强了对 EMB 亚致死效应的理解，并为 EMB 在防治舞毒蛾中的应用提供了理论依据。
