Ioriatti Claudio, Anfora Gianfranco, Angeli Gino, Civolani Stefano, Schmidt Silvia, Pasqualini Edison
Plant Protection Department, IASMA Research Centre, Via E. Mach 1, I-38010, San Michele all'Adige (TN), Italy.
Pest Manag Sci. 2009 Mar;65(3):306-12. doi: 10.1002/ps.1689.
Emamectin benzoate is a novel macrocyclic lactone insecticide derived from naturally occurring avermectin molecules isolated by fermentation from the soil microorganism Streptomyces avermitilis Kim & Goodfellow. The present study aims to evaluate the toxicity of emamectin benzoate to codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.), and oriental fruit moth, C. molesta (Busck), under laboratory and semi-field conditions.
Dose response bioassays showed that emamectin benzoate had a high level of intrinsic toxicity to early-stage larvae of both species, and that contact activity might contribute significantly to mortality. In the semi-field trials, residual toxicity lasted for more than 1 week. Ovicidal activity was recorded only for C. pomonella (approximately 30%), irrespective of the concentrations tested. Field trials confirmed the efficacy of emamectin benzoate on codling moth when applied at 7 day intervals. Fruit damage, both from the first and second generations, was comparable with that on treatment with chlorpyrifos-ethyl, used as a chemical reference.
Emamectin benzoate may be considered a valuable tool for the control of codling moth as a component of an IPM programme. Its collective advantages are: high efficacy, lack of cross-resistance with currently used products, control of secondary pests such as oriental fruit moth and selective toxicity that spares beneficials.
甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐是一种新型大环内酯类杀虫剂，它源自通过发酵从土壤微生物阿维链霉菌Kim & Goodfellow中分离出的天然阿维菌素分子。本研究旨在评估甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐在实验室和半田间条件下对苹果蠹蛾（Cydia pomonella (L.)）和梨小食心虫（C. molesta (Busck)）的毒性。
剂量反应生物测定表明，甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐对这两种害虫的早期幼虫具有高度的内在毒性，且接触活性可能对死亡率有显著贡献。在半田间试验中，残留毒性持续超过1周。仅在苹果蠹蛾中记录到了杀卵活性（约30%），与所测试的浓度无关。田间试验证实，每隔7天施用一次甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐对苹果蠹蛾有效。第一代和第二代造成的果实损害与用作化学对照的乙基毒死蜱处理后的损害相当。
作为综合害虫管理计划的一部分，甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐可被视为控制苹果蠹蛾的一种有价值的工具。其总体优势包括：高效、与目前使用的产品无交叉抗性、能控制诸如梨小食心虫等次要害虫以及对有益生物具有选择性毒性。
