Vullien Aurore, Röttinger Éric, Vervoort Michel, Gazave Eve
Université de Paris, CNRS, Institut Jacques Monod, F-75006 Paris, France - Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Inserm, IRCAN (Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging), 28 avenue de Valombrose, Nice, France.
Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Inserm, IRCAN (Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging), 28 avenue de Valombrose, Nice, France - Université Côte d'Azur, Institut fédératif de recherche - Ressources marines, Nice, France.
Med Sci (Paris). 2021 Apr;37(4):349-358. doi: 10.1051/medsci/2021037. Epub 2021 Apr 28.
Whole-body and complex structure regeneration is a widespread phenomenon in animals. While regenerative abilities vary greatly from one species to another, a number of mechanisms appear essential for regeneration in distantly related phylogenetic groups. In this review, we synthetize the knowledge gathered on the implication of three mechanisms that appear to be important for the initiation of regeneration in animals. Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) are metabolic by-products involved in cell signalling, which are produced shortly after amputation in several species. ROS production may be responsible for triggering apoptosis, another recurring mechanism involved in regeneration initiation. In turn, apoptosis causes compensatory proliferation by setting off cellular division, thus contributing to the reconstitution of tissues. Inhibiting either ROS production, apoptosis or cellular proliferation impairs regeneration in a variety of model species.
全身和复杂结构的再生是动物中普遍存在的现象。虽然不同物种的再生能力差异很大，但一些机制似乎对远缘系统发育类群的再生至关重要。在这篇综述中，我们综合了关于三种机制的相关知识，这三种机制似乎对动物再生的起始很重要。活性氧（ROS）是参与细胞信号传导的代谢副产物，在一些物种截肢后不久就会产生。ROS的产生可能是触发细胞凋亡的原因，细胞凋亡是再生起始中另一个反复出现的机制。反过来，细胞凋亡通过引发细胞分裂导致代偿性增殖，从而有助于组织的重建。抑制ROS产生、细胞凋亡或细胞增殖会损害多种模式物种的再生。
