Laboratório de Herpetologia, Instituto de Biociências, Campus do Litoral Paulista, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), São Vicente, São Paulo, Brazil.
Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.
PLoS One. 2021 Apr 28;16(4):e0244812. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0244812. eCollection 2021.
Species of Brachycephalus has been having taxonomical issues due its morphological similarity and genetic conservatism. Herein, we describe a new species of Brachycephalus from the south Mantiqueira mountain range and semidecidual forests in the municipalities of Mogi das Cruzes, Campinas and Jundiaí, state of São Paulo, Brazil, based on an integrative approach. It can be distinguished from all species of the B. ephippium species group based on morphological characters (especially osteology and head shape), advertisement call and divergence in partial mitochondrial DNA gene sequences (16S). The new species is genetically similar to B. margaritatus and morphologically similar to B. ephippium. It can be differentiated from B. ephippium by the presence of dark faded spots on skull and post-cranial plates, presence of black connective tissue connective tissue scattered over dorsal musculature, parotic plate morphology, smaller snout-vent length (adult SVL: males 13.46-15.92 mm; females 16.04-17.69 mm) and 3% genetic distance. We also present natural history data and discuss the robustness of the integrative approach, geographic distribution, genetic data, behaviour, fluorescence in ontogeny, and conservation status.
由于形态相似和遗传保守性，短头蟾属的物种一直存在分类问题。在此，我们根据综合方法，描述了来自巴西圣保罗州曼蒂凯拉山脉南部和莫吉达斯克鲁兹斯、坎皮纳斯和容迪亚伊等城市的半落叶森林中的一种新的短头蟾属物种。它可以通过形态特征（尤其是骨骼和头部形状）、广告叫声和部分线粒体 DNA 基因序列（16S）的差异与 B. ephippium 物种组的所有物种区分开来。该新种在遗传上与 B. margaritatus 相似，在形态上与 B. ephippium 相似。它可以通过头骨和后躯板上的暗褪色斑点、散布在背肌上的黑色结缔组织、耳骨板形态、较小的吻肛长（成体 SVL：雄性 13.46-15.92 毫米；雌性 16.04-17.69 毫米）和 3%的遗传距离与 B. ephippium 区分开来。我们还提供了自然历史数据，并讨论了综合方法、地理分布、遗传数据、行为、个体发育中的荧光和保护状况的稳健性。
