Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Ceilândia. Brasília, DF, Brasil.
Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, Curso de Medicina. Tubarão, SC, Brasil.
Arq Gastroenterol. 2021 Jan-Mar;58(1):100-106. doi: 10.1590/S0004-2803.202100000-17.
In the world, around 450,000 new cases of esophageal cancer are diagnosed each year.
To evaluate the trend of esophageal cancer mortality rates in Brazil between 1990-2017.
A time series study using data on mortality from esophageal cancer in residents ≥30 years in Brazil from 1990 to 2017. Data was estimated by the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study and analyzed according to sex, age group and federal unit of Brazil. The standardized rates according to age were calculated by the direct method using the standard GBD world population. Annual average percentage change and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were calculated for mortality by Joinpoint regression.
The age-standardized mortality rate in males was 20.6 in 1990 and 17.6/100,000 in 2017, increasing according to age, being 62.4 (1990) and 54.7 (2017) for ≥70 years. In women, the age-standardized mortality rate was 5.9 in 1990 and 4.2/100,000 in 2017. There was a reduction in mortality rates in all age groups and both sexes with great variation among the states.
Despite the high mortality rates for esophageal cancer in Brazil, the trend was decreasing, but with regional differences. Mortality was around four times higher in men.
在全球范围内，每年约有 45 万例食管癌新发病例。
评估 1990 年至 2017 年巴西食管癌死亡率的趋势。
采用时间序列研究方法，利用 1990 年至 2017 年巴西≥30 岁居民食管癌死亡率数据进行研究。数据由全球疾病负担（GBD）研究估计，并按性别、年龄组和巴西联邦单位进行分析。根据年龄计算标准化死亡率，采用直接法，使用 GBD 世界标准人口。采用 Joinpoint 回归分析死亡率的年平均百分比变化和 95%置信区间（95%CI）。
1990 年男性年龄标准化死亡率为 20.6，2017 年为 17.6/100,000，随年龄增长而增加，≥70 岁组分别为 62.4（1990 年）和 54.7（2017 年）。1990 年女性年龄标准化死亡率为 5.9，2017 年为 4.2/100,000。所有年龄组和性别组的死亡率均有所下降，但各州之间存在较大差异。
尽管巴西食管癌死亡率较高，但趋势呈下降趋势，但存在地区差异。男性死亡率约为女性的四倍。
