Guerra Maximiliano Ribeiro, Bustamante-Teixeira Maria Teresa, Corrêa Camila Soares Lima, Abreu Daisy Maria Xavier de, Curado Maria Paula, Mooney Meghan, Naghavi Mohsen, Teixeira Renato, França Elisabeth Barboza, Malta Deborah Carvalho
Programa de Pós-graduação em Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora - Juiz de Fora (MG), Brasil.
Institut Curie - Paris, França.
Rev Bras Epidemiol. 2017 May;20Suppl 01(Suppl 01):102-115. doi: 10.1590/1980-5497201700050009.
: To analyze the mortality rates from malignant neoplasia in Brazil and Federal Units (FU) in the years 1990 and 2015, according to sex and main types of cancer.
: Using estimates of global disease burden for Brazil made by the GBD 2015 study, age-adjusted cancer mortality rates and respective 95% uncertainty intervals were calculated for Brazil and FU in 1990 and 2015, as well as their percentage variation in the period. The main causes of cancer mortality by sex were analyzed, considering the five highest rates in the country and for each state.
: The cancer mortality rate for male and female population remained stable between the two years in the country. The same behavior pattern was observed in almost all the FU, and the majority of states in the northeast region and half of the north region showed a non-significant increase in mortality rates. Regarding the types of cancer, there was a drop in mortality rates for stomach cancers in both sexes (women: -38.9%, men: -37.3%), cervical cancer in women (-33.9%), and lung and esophagus cancer in men (-12.0% and -14.1%, respectively); in contrast, there was an increase in lung cancers in women (+20.7%) and colon and rectum cancers in men (+29.5%).
: Differences in the behavior of major cancers, with a decrease mainly in the more developed regions and an increase in the less developed regions of the country, seem to reflect the socioeconomic inequalities as well as difficulties in access to health services by the Brazilian population.
根据性别和主要癌症类型，分析1990年和2015年巴西及联邦单位（FU）的恶性肿瘤死亡率。
利用全球疾病负担研究（GBD 2015）对巴西的估计数据，计算了1990年和2015年巴西及FU的年龄标准化癌症死亡率及其各自的95%不确定区间，以及该时期内的百分比变化。按性别分析了癌症死亡的主要原因，考虑了全国以及每个州的五个最高死亡率。
该国两年间男性和女性人口的癌症死亡率保持稳定。几乎所有联邦单位都观察到了相同的行为模式，东北地区的大多数州和北部地区的一半州死亡率出现了不显著的上升。关于癌症类型，两性的胃癌死亡率均有所下降（女性：-38.9%，男性：-37.3%），女性宫颈癌死亡率下降（-33.9%），男性肺癌和食管癌死亡率下降（分别为-12.0%和-14.1%）；相比之下，女性肺癌死亡率上升（+20.7%），男性结肠癌和直肠癌死亡率上升（+29.5%）。
主要癌症的行为差异，主要表现为该国较发达地区下降而较不发达地区上升，这似乎反映了社会经济不平等以及巴西人口在获得医疗服务方面的困难。
