Universidade Estadual de Campinas - Unicamp, Piracicaba Dental School, Department of Oral Diagnosis - Oral Radiology, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
Universidade Estadual de Campinas - Unicamp, Piracicaba Dental School, Department of Physiological Sciences - Pharmacology, Anesthesiology and Therapeutics, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
Braz Oral Res. 2021 Apr 26;35:e036. doi: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2021.vol35.0036. eCollection 2021.
Evaluating factors that may influence the nose dimensions and, therefore, contribute to the singularity of a person, is important for obtaining a precise facial reconstruction (FR) in forensic anthropology. Thus, the aim in this study was to evaluate the influence of sex, skeletal class, and facial type on nose dimensions of Brazilian individuals using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans. CBCT images of 54 males and 67 females were classified according to skeletal class (class I, II, or III) and facial type (brachycephalic, dolichocephalic and mesocephalic). Linear and angular measurements of the nose were performed using the CS 3D Imaging software. The measurements obtained for males and females were compared by one-way ANOVA. Two-way ANOVA was used to compare the measurements in the different skeletal classes and facial types. Significance level was set at 5%. All linear measurements were greater in males (p < 0.05); the angular measurements, however, did not differ between sexes (p > 0.05). Linear and angular measurements of class III males were significantly different from the other classes; the same was observed for the angular measurements in females (p < 0.05). Regarding facial types, some linear measurements were significantly greater in dolichocephalics males (p < 0.05). For females, there was no influence of facial type (p > 0.05), except for the nasal convexity angle. Nose dimensions differed in specific points among different skeletal classes and facial types, and there was sexual dimorphism in all linear nose dimensions. This information may be applicable for nose reconstructions, allowing more reliable FR.
评估可能影响鼻部尺寸的因素，从而有助于个体的独特性，对于法医人类学中获得精确的面部重建（FR）非常重要。因此，本研究旨在使用锥形束 CT（CBCT）扫描评估性别、骨骼分类和面部类型对巴西个体鼻部尺寸的影响。根据骨骼分类（I 类、II 类或 III 类）和面部类型（短头型、长头型和中头型）对 54 名男性和 67 名女性的 CBCT 图像进行分类。使用 CS 3D Imaging 软件对鼻部进行线性和角度测量。通过单因素方差分析比较男性和女性的测量值。使用双向方差分析比较不同骨骼分类和面部类型的测量值。显著性水平设置为 5%。所有线性测量值在男性中均较大（p<0.05）；然而，性别之间的角度测量值没有差异（p>0.05）。III 类男性的线性和角度测量值与其他类别显著不同；女性的角度测量值也是如此（p<0.05）。关于面部类型，一些线性测量值在长头型男性中显著更大（p<0.05）。对于女性，除了鼻凸角外，面部类型没有影响（p>0.05）。不同骨骼分类和面部类型的鼻部尺寸在特定点上存在差异，并且所有线性鼻部尺寸都存在性别二态性。这些信息可能适用于鼻部重建，从而使 FR 更加可靠。
