PhD student, Oral Radiology Area, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
Post-doctoral Researcher, Oral Radiology Area, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
J Prosthet Dent. 2023 May;129(5):741-747. doi: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2021.07.004. Epub 2021 Aug 14.
Knowledge about the location and dimensions of the mental foramen is important for surgical planning and implant placement in the posterior mandibular region.
The purpose of this clinical study was to assess the location and dimensions of the mental foramen in individuals of different facial type, skeletal class, and sex by means of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images.
CBCT images of 142 individuals (72 women and 70 men) were classified according to the facial type (dolichocephalic, mesocephalic, or brachycephalic) and skeletal class (I, II, or III). The vertical and horizontal locations of each mental foramen were evaluated on panoramic reconstructions, and the greatest height and width of the mental foramen were determined on multiplanar reconstructions. Also, the distances from the mental foramen to the alveolar crest and to the inferior cortex of the mandible were obtained. The data were compared by using the Kruskal-Wallis test and multiway analysis of variance (α=.05).
The facial type, skeletal class, and sex did not influence the vertical (P=1.00) or the horizontal (P>.15) location of the mental foramen. The most frequent location of the mental foramen was between the first and second premolars and below their apices. The dimensions of the mental foramen were not influenced by the studied factors in men (P>.07); conversely, the mental foramen dimensions were influenced for women (P<.03).
The most frequent location of the mental foramen was between the first and second premolars and below their apices. An influence of the facial type and skeletal class was observed on the dimensions of the mental foramen in women.
了解颏孔的位置和大小对于下颌后区的手术规划和种植体植入非常重要。
本临床研究的目的是通过锥形束 CT（CBCT）图像评估不同面型、骨骼分类和性别的个体颏孔的位置和大小。
根据面型（长头型、中头型或短头型）和骨骼分类（I、II 或 III 类）对 142 名个体（72 名女性和 70 名男性）的 CBCT 图像进行分类。在全景重建图像上评估每个颏孔的垂直和水平位置，并在多平面重建图像上确定颏孔的最大高度和宽度。还获得了颏孔到牙槽嵴和下颌骨下皮质的距离。使用 Kruskal-Wallis 检验和多向方差分析（α=.05）对数据进行比较。
面型、骨骼分类和性别均不影响颏孔的垂直（P=1.00）或水平（P>.15）位置。颏孔最常见的位置是在第一和第二前磨牙之间，低于它们的根尖。在男性中，颏孔的尺寸不受研究因素的影响（P>.07）；相反，在女性中，颏孔的尺寸受到影响（P<.03）。
颏孔最常见的位置是在第一和第二前磨牙之间，低于它们的根尖。面型和骨骼分类对面部女性颏孔的尺寸有影响。
