Department of Anatomy, College of Health Sciences, Woldia University, Amhara Ethiopia:
Department of Anatomy, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia:
Ethiop J Health Sci. 2020 Sep;30(5):777-784. doi: 10.4314/ejhs.v30i5.18.
Anaemia during pregnancy affects about half of all pregnant mothers in developing countries; it is the major causes of indirect maternal mortality. Anaemia can directly cause poor growth of fetus in utero due to inadequate oxygen flow to the placental tissue or it is indirect indicator of maternal nutritional deficiency. Mal-development of placenta is the leading cause of maternal and perinatal mortality and an important factor of fetal growth retardation. The aim of this study was to compare histopathological changes of placenta associated with maternal anaemia.
A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted from May-June, 2018 in Dessie Referral Hospital. A total of 66 placentas (33 anaemic and 33 non-anaemic) were collected after delivery. EPI data version 4.2.0 was used to enter the data while the data were analyzed by using SPSS version 22. Chi-square and one-way ANOVA were used to analyze the data.
In pregnancies with maternal anaemia, 75.7% of anaemic placentas terminal villi vessels were increased in number, compared to 15.1% in non-anaemic (p=0.001). Placental calcification was 72.7% in anaemic groups compared to 54% in non-anaemic groups. However, it was insignificant (p=0.12). Intervillous space was wider in anaemic compared to non-anaemic groups (p<0.001).
Chorionic villi capillaries were increased in number, and it was dilated in anaemic placenta, compared to non-anaemic. Intervillous space was significantly wider in anaemic placenta.
发展中国家约有一半的孕妇在怀孕期间会出现贫血；这是间接导致产妇死亡的主要原因。贫血会直接导致胎儿在子宫内生长不良，因为胎盘组织供氧不足，或者它是母亲营养缺乏的间接指标。胎盘发育不良是导致孕产妇和围产儿死亡的主要原因，也是胎儿生长迟缓的重要因素。本研究旨在比较与母体贫血相关的胎盘组织病理学变化。
2018 年 5 月至 6 月，在德西转诊医院进行了一项横断面比较研究。分娩后共收集了 66 个胎盘（33 个贫血和 33 个非贫血）。EPI 数据版本 4.2.0 用于输入数据，而 SPSS 版本 22 用于分析数据。卡方检验和单因素方差分析用于分析数据。
在母体贫血的妊娠中，与非贫血组的 15.1%相比，贫血组的终末绒毛血管数量增加了 75.7%（p=0.001）。贫血组的胎盘钙化率为 72.7%，而非贫血组为 54%。然而，这并不显著（p=0.12）。与非贫血组相比，贫血组的绒毛间空间更宽（p<0.001）。
与非贫血胎盘相比，贫血胎盘的绒毛毛细血管数量增加，并且扩张。贫血胎盘的绒毛间空间明显更宽。
