Nitsche Natalie, Brückner Hannah
Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Konrad-Zuse Str.1, 18057 Rostock, Germany.
Division of Social Sciences, NYU-Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
Eur J Popul. 2020 Nov 24;37(2):371-403. doi: 10.1007/s10680-020-09571-z. eCollection 2021 Apr.
We examine the link between the postponement of parenthood and fertility outcomes among highly educated women in the USA born in 1920-1986, using data from the CPS June Supplement 1979-2016. We argue that the postponement-low fertility nexus noted in demographic and biomedical research is especially relevant for women who pursue postgraduate education because of the potential overlap of education completion, early career stages, and family formation. The results show that women with postgraduate education differ from women with college education in terms of the timing of the first birth, childlessness, and completed fertility. While the postponement trend, which began with the cohorts born in the 1940s, has continued among highly educated women in the USA, its associations with childlessness and completed parity have changed considerably over subsequent cohorts. We delineate five distinct postponement phases over the 80-year observation window, consistent with variation over time in the prevalence of strategies for combining tertiary education and employment with family formation.
我们利用1979 - 2016年美国人口普查局6月补充调查的数据，研究了1920年至1986年出生的美国高学历女性中生育推迟与生育结果之间的联系。我们认为，人口统计学和生物医学研究中提到的生育推迟与低生育率之间的关系，对于那些接受研究生教育的女性尤为重要，因为教育完成、早期职业生涯阶段和组建家庭可能会有重叠。结果表明，研究生学历的女性与大学学历的女性在首次生育时间、无子女情况和最终生育情况方面存在差异。虽然始于20世纪40年代出生队列的生育推迟趋势在美国高学历女性中持续存在，但其与无子女情况和最终子女数的关联在随后的队列中发生了很大变化。我们在80年的观察期内划分出五个不同的生育推迟阶段，这与高等教育、就业与组建家庭相结合策略的流行程度随时间的变化相一致。
