Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, 00029, Helsinki, Finland.
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2022 Mar;26(1):99-104. doi: 10.1007/s10006-021-00966-8. Epub 2021 Apr 28.
Dental injuries (DIs) are associated with facial fractures, particularly mandibular fractures. As paediatric mandibular fractures have special features, we sought to clarify the occurrence and types of DIs among this patient group. We assessed how age, injury type, and fracture location affects the occurrence of DIs and thereby defined which patients are most susceptible.
This retrospective study included patients < 18 years with a recent mandibular fracture. Predictor variables were gender, age group, mechanism of injury, type of mandibular fracture, and other associated facial fracture(s). Types and locations of DIs and tooth loss due to injury were also reported.
DIs were detected in 34.7% (n = 41) out of 118 patients. Patients with tooth injury had on average 3.5 injured teeth. A total of 16.2% of injured teeth were lost, typically at the time of the injury. Loss of at least one tooth was seen in approximately 10% of patients. Avulsion was the most common cause of tooth loss (52.2%). Non-complicated crown fracture (50.7%) was the most common DI type. Statistically significant associations between studied variables and DIs were not detected.
DIs are common and often multiple in paediatric mandibular fracture patients regardless of background factors. DIs often lead to tooth loss. Prompt replantation of an avulsed tooth, early detection of DIs, and prevention of tooth loss whenever possible are important to avoid permanent tooth defects.
牙损伤（DI）与面部骨折有关，尤其是下颌骨骨折。由于儿童下颌骨骨折具有特殊的特征，我们试图阐明该患者群体中 DI 的发生和类型。我们评估了年龄、损伤类型和骨折位置如何影响 DI 的发生，从而确定哪些患者最易受影响。
这项回顾性研究纳入了最近发生下颌骨骨折且年龄小于 18 岁的患者。预测变量为性别、年龄组、损伤机制、下颌骨骨折类型以及其他相关面部骨折。还报告了 DI 的类型和位置以及因损伤导致的牙齿缺失。
在 118 名患者中，有 34.7%（n=41）发现 DI。有牙齿损伤的患者平均有 3.5 颗受伤的牙齿。总共 16.2%的受伤牙齿丢失，通常发生在受伤时。大约 10%的患者失去了至少一颗牙齿。牙脱位是牙齿丢失的最常见原因（52.2%）。非复杂性冠折（50.7%）是最常见的 DI 类型。研究变量与 DI 之间未发现统计学显著关联。
无论背景因素如何，儿童下颌骨骨折患者的 DI 通常很常见且往往是多发性的。DI 常导致牙齿缺失。及时对脱位的牙齿进行再植、早期发现 DI 以及尽可能预防牙齿缺失对于避免永久性牙齿缺陷非常重要。
