HS Attenuates Sleep Deprivation-Induced Cognitive Impairment by Reducing Excessive Autophagy via Hippocampal Sirt-1 in WISTAR RATS.

Sleep deprivation (SD) is widespread in society causing serious damage to cognitive function. Hydrogen sulfide (HS), the third gas signal molecule, plays important regulatory role in learning and memory functions. Inhibition of excessive autophagy and upregulation of silent information regulator 1 (Sirt-1) have been reported to prevent cognitive dysfunction. Therefore, this present work was to address whether HS attenuates the cognitive impairment induced by SD in Wistar rats and whether the underlying mechanisms involve in inhibition of excessive autophagy and upregulation of Sirt-1. After treatment with SD for 72 h, the cognitive function of Wistar rats was evaluated by Y-maze, new object recognition, object location, and Morris water maze tests. The results shown that SD-caused cognitive impairment was reversed by treatment with NaHS (a donor of HS). NaHS also prevented SD-induced hippocampal excessive autophagy, as evidenced by the decrease in autophagosomes, the down-regulation of Beclin1, and the up-regulation of p62 in the hippocampus of SD-exposed Wistar rats. Furthermore, Sirtinol, an inhibitor of Sirt-1, reversed the inhibitory roles of NaHS in SD-induced cognitive impairment and excessive hippocampal autophagy in Wistar rats. Taken together, our results suggested that HS improves the cognitive function of SD-exposed rats by inhibiting excessive hippocampal autophagy in a hippocampal Sirt-1-dependent way.