Department of Parasitology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
Parasite Immunol. 2021 Aug;43(8):e12841. doi: 10.1111/pim.12841. Epub 2021 May 10.
Anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) due to Leishmania tropica and zoonotic CL (ZCL) due to L major have different clinical and epidemiological features.
To determine whether pro-inflammatory cytokines are involved in diverse pathogenicity of Leishmania species causing CL.
PATIENTS/METHODS: The capacity of L major/L tropica to modulate expression of IL-1β, IL-8 (CXCL8), IFN-γ, TNF-α and MCP-1 (CCL2) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) was evaluated by real-time RT-PCR technique.
PBMCs from both ZCL and ACL cases expressed significantly higher IFN-γ (P < .001) and TNF-α (P < .05) compared with healthy controls (HC). PBMCs from ACL patients expressed significantly higher IL-1β and IL-8 compared with ZCL patients and HC when stimulated with live L major or L tropica promastigotes (P < .001). After 4 and 10 hours, L major-infected MDMs expressed significantly higher IFN-γ (P < .05), and after 10 hours, L tropica-infected MDMs expressed significantly higher IL-1β, IFN-γ and IL-8 compared with noninfected cells (P < .05).
This study shows differential parasite-mediated stimulations of the inflammatory response with L major vs L tropica ex vivo. Pro-inflammatory cytokines particularly IL-8 (CXCL8) and IL-1β might contribute in diverse clinical features of CL such as longer duration of lesion persistence in ACL patients.
由利什曼原虫热带株引起的人际型皮肤利什曼病（ACL）和由 L major 引起的动物源型 CL（ZCL）具有不同的临床和流行病学特征。
确定促炎细胞因子是否参与引起 CL 的不同利什曼物种的不同致病性。
患者/方法：通过实时 RT-PCR 技术评估 L major/L tropica 调节外周血单个核细胞（PBMC）和单核细胞衍生的巨噬细胞（MDM）中 IL-1β、IL-8（CXCL8）、IFN-γ、TNF-α 和 MCP-1（CCL2）表达的能力。
ZCL 和 ACL 病例的 PBMC 表达的 IFN-γ（P <.001）和 TNF-α（P <.05）均显著高于健康对照（HC）。与 ZCL 患者和 HC 相比，用活 L major 或 L tropica 前鞭毛体刺激时，ACL 患者的 PBMC 表达的 IL-1β 和 IL-8 显著更高（P <.001）。L major 感染的 MDM 在 4 小时和 10 小时后表达的 IFN-γ显著更高（P <.05），而 L tropica 感染的 MDM 在 10 小时后表达的 IL-1β、IFN-γ 和 IL-8 显著高于未感染的细胞（P <.05）。
本研究表明，在体外 L major 与 L tropica 对炎症反应的刺激存在差异。促炎细胞因子，特别是 IL-8（CXCL8）和 IL-1β，可能导致 CL 的不同临床特征，例如 ACL 患者病变持续时间更长。
