Yu Haihan, Tan Xiaoran, Sun Shubo, Zhang Lina, Gao Chaomin, Ge Shenguang
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong, 250022, PR China.
Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Preparation and Measurement of Building Materials, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong, 250022, PR China.
Biosens Bioelectron. 2021 Aug 1;185:113250. doi: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113250. Epub 2021 Apr 15.
Exploring novel photoactive materials with high photoelectric conversion efficiency plays a crucial role in enhancing the analytical performance of paper-based photoelectrochemical (PEC) biosensor. SnO, which possesses higher photostability and electron mobility, can be regarded as a promising photoactive material. Herein, paper-based one dimensional (1D) domed SnO nanotubes (NTs) have been developed with the template-consumption strategy. What's more, their growth mechanism has also been proposed based on the controllable experiments. At first, the paper-based 1D ZnO nanorods (NRs) as the typical amphoteric oxide are prepared and serve as the sacrifice templates which can be etched by the generated alkaline environment during the formation of SnO. At a certain stage, all the ZnO NRs can be completely etched by controlling the experimental conditions, resulting in the forming of vertically distributed hollow SnO NTs. Furthermore, the Sn self-doping strategy is also proposed to suppress the recombination of charge carriers and broaden the light response range by introducing the impurity energy levels. Profiting from such doping strategy, the prominent photocurrent signal is obtained compared with pure paper-based SnO NTs. Ultimately, an innovative visible light responsive paper-based Sn-doping SnO NTs are developed and employed as the photoelectrode for the PEC biosensor using the alpha fetoprotein (AFP) as the model analyte. Under the optimal conditions, the ultrasensitive AFP sensing is realized with the linear range and detection limitation of 10 pg mL to 200 ng mL and 3.84 pg mL, respectively. This work provides a judiciously strategy for developing novel photoactive materials for paper-based PEC bioanalysis.
探索具有高光电转换效率的新型光活性材料对于提高纸质光电化学（PEC）生物传感器的分析性能起着至关重要的作用。具有较高光稳定性和电子迁移率的SnO可被视为一种有前途的光活性材料。在此，采用模板消耗策略制备了纸质一维（1D）圆顶状SnO纳米管（NTs）。此外，还基于可控实验提出了它们的生长机制。首先，制备作为典型两性氧化物的纸质1D ZnO纳米棒（NRs），并将其用作牺牲模板，在SnO形成过程中可被产生的碱性环境蚀刻。在某个阶段，通过控制实验条件可以将所有的ZnO NRs完全蚀刻，从而形成垂直分布的中空SnO NTs。此外，还提出了Sn自掺杂策略，通过引入杂质能级来抑制电荷载流子的复合并拓宽光响应范围。得益于这种掺杂策略，与纯纸质SnO NTs相比，获得了显著的光电流信号。最终，开发了一种创新的可见光响应型纸质Sn掺杂SnO NTs，并将其用作以甲胎蛋白（AFP）为模型分析物的PEC生物传感器的光电极。在最佳条件下，实现了对AFP的超灵敏传感，线性范围为10 pg mL至200 ng mL，检测限为3.84 pg mL。这项工作为开发用于纸质PEC生物分析的新型光活性材料提供了一种明智的策略。
