Shifa College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Biomed Pharmacother. 2021 Jul;139:111609. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111609. Epub 2021 May 4.
Alzheimer's disease (AD), is the most common type of dementia primarily affecting the later years of life. Its prevalence is likely to increase in any aging population and will be a major burden on healthcare system by the mid of the century. Despite scientific and technological breakthroughs in the last 50 years, that have expanded our understanding of the disease on a system, cellular and molecular level, therapies that could stop or slow the progression of the disease are still unavailable. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA), has approved acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors (donepezil, galantamine, tacrine and rivastigmine) and glutamate receptor antagonist (memantine) for the treatment of AD. In this review we summarize the studies reporting phytocompounds and extracts from medicinal plants that show AChE inhibitory activities and could be of potential benefit in AD. Future research directions are suggested and recommendations made to expand the use of medicinal plants and their formulations to prevent, mitigate and treat AD.
阿尔茨海默病（AD）是最常见的痴呆症类型，主要影响生命的后期。随着人口老龄化，其发病率可能会增加，到本世纪中叶，它将成为医疗保健系统的主要负担。尽管在过去 50 年中取得了科学和技术突破，使我们在系统、细胞和分子水平上对该疾病有了更深入的了解，但仍没有能够阻止或减缓疾病进展的治疗方法。美国食品和药物管理局（FDA）已批准乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）抑制剂（多奈哌齐、加兰他敏、他克林和利伐斯的明）和谷氨酸受体拮抗剂（美金刚）用于治疗 AD。在这篇综述中，我们总结了报告具有 AChE 抑制活性并可能对 AD 有益的植物化合物和药用植物提取物的研究。提出了未来的研究方向，并建议扩大药用植物及其制剂的使用，以预防、减轻和治疗 AD。
