Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland.
Department of Paediatric Orthopaedics, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland.
Molecules. 2021 Apr 7;26(8):2120. doi: 10.3390/molecules26082120.
Preparation of paraspinal tissue of patients with implants for elemental analysis is a challenge because it contains titanium in the ionic form, as well as metallic debris. Most literature reports focus on dissolving the tissue, but the impact of digestion conditions on metallic debris of Ti has not been investigated. In our work, various digestion conditions, including systems, compositions of oxidising mixture, and time, were tested aiming (i) to digest the tissue without digestion of metallic titanium to quantify soluble Ti and (ii) to digest metallic titanium debris to asses total Ti content in tissue. The experiments were performed in a closed mode using a microwave-assisted system and a carbon heating block. Our study revealed that total digestion of titanium was impossible in the tested conditions and the maximal level of digested titanium was below 70%. The mineralisation with the use of concentrated nitric acid was optimal to prepare paraspinal samples to analyse the soluble titanium form because metallic titanium passivated and did not migrate to the solution. The elaborated conditions were applied to determine titanium ion in the periimplant tissue of patients with three different titanium-based surgical systems, including traditional growing rod (TGR), guided growth systems (GGS), and vertical expandable prosthesis titanium rib (VEPTR).
为了进行元素分析，需要对有植入物的患者的脊柱旁组织进行预处理，但这是一个挑战，因为组织中含有以离子形式存在的钛，以及金属碎片。大多数文献报道都集中在溶解组织上，但尚未研究消化条件对 Ti 金属碎片的影响。在我们的工作中，测试了各种消化条件，包括系统、氧化混合物的组成和时间，目的是（i）在不消化金属钛的情况下消化组织，以定量可溶性 Ti；（ii）消化金属钛碎片，以评估组织中的总 Ti 含量。实验在封闭模式下使用微波辅助系统和碳加热块进行。我们的研究表明，在所测试的条件下，钛的完全消化是不可能的，消化的钛的最大水平低于 70%。使用浓硝酸进行矿化是准备脊柱旁样品以分析可溶性钛形态的最佳选择，因为金属钛会钝化，不会迁移到溶液中。所制定的条件适用于分析三种不同基于钛的手术系统（包括传统生长棒（TGR）、引导生长系统（GGS）和垂直可扩展假体钛肋骨（VEPTR））的患者的植入物周围组织中的钛离子。
