Lv Jiali, Niu Yangdan, Yuan Ruiqiang, Wang Shiqin
School of Environment and Natural Resources, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources Research, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050021, China.
Microorganisms. 2021 Apr 8;9(4):782. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms9040782.
In recent years, different responses of archaea and bacteria to environmental changes have attracted increasing scientific interest. In the mid-latitude region, Fen River receives water transferred from the Yellow River, electrical conductivity (EC), concentrations of Cl and Na in water, total phosphorus (TP), and Olsen phosphorus (OP) in sediments were significantly affected by water transfer. Meanwhile, temperature and oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) of water showed significant seasonal variations. Based on 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing technology, the composition of bacteria and archaea in sediments was determined in winter and summer, respectively. Results showed that the dominance of bacterial core flora decreased and that of archaeal core flora increased after water diversion. The abundance and diversity of bacterial communities in river sediments were more sensitive to anthropogenic and naturally induced environmental changes than that of archaeal communities. Bacterial communities showed greater resistance than archaeal communities under long-term external disturbances, such as seasonal changes, because of rich species composition and complex community structure. Archaea were more stable than bacteria, especially under short-term drastic environmental disturbances, such as water transfer, due to their insensitivity to environmental changes. These results have important implications for understanding the responses of bacterial and archaeal communities to environmental changes in river ecosystems affected by water diversion.
近年来，古菌和细菌对环境变化的不同响应引起了越来越多的科学关注。在中纬度地区，汾河接受从黄河调水，调水对水中的电导率（EC）、Cl和Na浓度、沉积物中的总磷（TP）和 Olsen 磷（OP）产生了显著影响。同时，水体的温度和氧化还原电位（ORP）呈现出明显的季节性变化。基于 16S rRNA 高通量测序技术，分别在冬季和夏季测定了沉积物中古菌和细菌的组成。结果表明，调水后细菌核心菌群的优势度降低，古菌核心菌群的优势度增加。河流沉积物中细菌群落的丰度和多样性比古菌群落对人为和自然引发的环境变化更为敏感。由于物种组成丰富和群落结构复杂，在长期的外部干扰（如季节变化）下，细菌群落比古菌群落表现出更强的抗性。古菌比细菌更稳定，特别是在短期剧烈的环境干扰（如调水）下，因为它们对环境变化不敏感。这些结果对于理解受调水影响的河流生态系统中古菌和细菌群落对环境变化的响应具有重要意义。
