Emodi-Perlman Alona, Eli Ilana, Uziel Nir, Smardz Joanna, Khehra Anahat, Gilon Efrat, Wieckiewicz Gniewko, Levin Liran, Wieckiewicz Mieszko
Department of Oral Rehabilitation, The Maurice and Gabriella School of Dental Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6139001, Israel.
Department of Experimental Dentistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-425 Wroclaw, Poland.
J Clin Med. 2021 Apr 8;10(8):1577. doi: 10.3390/jcm10081577.
(1) Background: this study aimed to evaluate the worries, anxiety, and depression in the public during the initial coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic lockdown in three culturally different groups of internet survey respondents: Middle Eastern (Israel), European (Poland), and North American (Canada). (2) Methods: a cross-sectional online survey was conducted in the mentioned countries during the lockdown periods. The survey included a demographic questionnaire, a questionnaire on personal concerns, and the Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4). A total of 2207 people successfully completed the survey. (3) Results: Polish respondents were the most concerned about being infected. Canadian respondents worried the most about their finances, relations with relatives and friends, and both physical and mental health. Polish respondents worried the least about their physical health, and Israeli respondents worried the least about their mental health and relations with relatives and friends. Canadian respondents obtained the highest score in the PHQ-4, while the scores of Israeli respondents were the lowest. (4) Conclusions: various factors should be considered while formulating appropriate solutions in emergency circumstances such as a pandemic. Understanding these factors will aid in the development of strategies to mitigate the adverse effects of stress, social isolation, and uncertainty on the well-being and mental health of culturally different societies.
(1) 背景：本研究旨在评估在2019年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行初期封锁期间，中东（以色列）、欧洲（波兰）和北美（加拿大）三个文化背景不同的互联网调查受访者群体中的公众所存在的担忧、焦虑和抑郁情绪。(2) 方法：在封锁期间，于上述国家开展了一项横断面在线调查。该调查包括一份人口统计学问卷、一份关于个人担忧的问卷以及患者健康问卷-4（PHQ-4）。共有2207人成功完成了调查。(3) 结果：波兰受访者最担心被感染。加拿大受访者最担心自己的财务状况、与亲友的关系以及身心健康。波兰受访者最不担心自己的身体健康，而以色列受访者最不担心自己的心理健康以及与亲友的关系。加拿大受访者在PHQ-4中得分最高，而以色列受访者得分最低。(4) 结论：在大流行等紧急情况下制定适当解决方案时，应考虑各种因素。了解这些因素将有助于制定策略，以减轻压力、社会隔离和不确定性对不同文化社会的幸福感和心理健康产生的不利影响。
