Ávila-Gandía Vicente, Sánchez-Macarro Maravillas, Luque-Rubia Antonio, García-Sánchez Esther, Cánovas Fernando, López-Santiago Asensio, López-Román Francisco Javier
Department of Exercise Physiology, Universidad Católica de Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain.
Fundación para la Formación e Invetigación Sanitarias de la Región de Murcia, 30003 Murcia, Spain.
J Pers Med. 2021 Apr 10;11(4):291. doi: 10.3390/jpm11040291.
In this pilot clinical study we investigated the effect on blood pressure (BP) of two community-based exercise training programs of high (HIT) vs. low-moderate intensity (LMIT) in hypertensive individuals receiving at least one antihypertensive drug.
The study included two phases of physical exercises based on 1-h session, 3 days/week for 12 and 16 weeks, respectively, separately by a 7-week resting period. Each phase was preceded by a four-week conditioning training period. According to the average maximal heart rate at baseline, participants were randomized to HIT (80-90%), LMIT (50-70%) or no-exercise (control). Heart rate was monitored during workout and BP profiles were registered by ambulatory BP monitoring at the beginning and end of each phase.
Of 60 individuals randomized, 44 completed the study (HIT, = 10; LMIT, = 16; controls, = 18). BP levels were significantly reduced after the second phase for both LMIT (SBP -3.1 mmHg, DBP -2.4 mmHg) and HIT (SBP -10.8 mmHg, DBP -8.3 mmHg). Similar levels of improvement were also found in daytime and night-time BP. Mean attendance of the prescribed training sessions was 87.4 ± 6.2% for HIT and 87.4 ± 5.3% for LMIT during the first phase and 84.1 ± 5.0% and 85.2 ± 5.9% during the second phase, respectively ( = 0.047).
Both HIT and LMIT exercise training programs reduced BP but the HIT modality showed a lower rate of compliance with proposed training schedule. Intensity of training should be individually prescribed to improve tolerance to more high intensity exercises.
在这项初步临床研究中，我们调查了两种基于社区的运动训练计划，即高强度（HIT）与低 - 中等强度（LMIT），对至少服用一种抗高血压药物的高血压个体血压（BP）的影响。
该研究包括两个阶段的体育锻炼，每次锻炼时长1小时，每周3天，分别持续12周和16周，中间间隔7周的休息期。每个阶段之前都有一个为期四周的适应性训练期。根据基线时的平均最大心率，参与者被随机分为HIT组（80 - 90%）、LMIT组（50 - 70%）或无运动组（对照组）。锻炼期间监测心率，并在每个阶段开始和结束时通过动态血压监测记录血压情况。
在随机分组的60名个体中，44人完成了研究（HIT组 = 10人；LMIT组 = 16人；对照组 = 18人）。第二阶段后，LMIT组（收缩压 - 3.1 mmHg，舒张压 - 2.4 mmHg）和HIT组（收缩压 - 10.8 mmHg，舒张压 - 8.3 mmHg）的血压水平均显著降低。白天和夜间血压也有类似程度的改善。第一阶段，HIT组规定训练课程的平均出勤率为87.4 ± 6.2%，LMIT组为87.4 ± 5.3%；第二阶段，分别为84.1 ± 5.0%和85.2 ± 5.9%（P = 0.047）。
HIT和LMIT运动训练计划均可降低血压，但HIT模式对建议训练计划的依从率较低。应根据个体情况规定训练强度，以提高对更高强度运动的耐受性。
