Crosio Alessandro, Ronchi Giulia, Fornasari Benedetta Elena, Odella Simonetta, Raimondo Stefania, Tos Pierluigi
UO Microchirurgia e Chirurgia della Mano, Ospedale Gaetano Pini, Piazza Andrea Ferrari 1, 20122 Milano, Italy.
Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, Neuroscience Institute of the "Cavalieri Ottolenghi" Foundation (NICO), University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043 Orbassano, Italy.
J Clin Med. 2021 Apr 10;10(8):1613. doi: 10.3390/jcm10081613.
As a consequence of trauma or surgical interventions on peripheral nerves, scar tissue can form, interfering with the capacity of the nerve to regenerate properly. Scar tissue may also lead to traction neuropathies, with functional dysfunction and pain for the patient. The search for effective antiadhesion products to prevent scar tissue formation has, therefore, become an important clinical challenge. In this review, we perform extensive research on the PubMed database, retrieving experimental papers on the prevention of peripheral nerve scarring. Different parameters have been considered and discussed, including the animal and nerve models used and the experimental methods employed to simulate and evaluate scar formation. An overview of the different types of antiadhesion devices and strategies investigated in experimental models is also provided. To successfully evaluate the efficacy of new antiscarring agents, it is necessary to have reliable animal models mimicking the complications of peripheral nerve scarring and also standard and quantitative parameters to evaluate perineural scars. So far, there are no standardized methods used in experimental research, and it is, therefore, difficult to compare the results of the different antiadhesion devices.
由于外周神经受到创伤或进行手术干预，可能会形成瘢痕组织，干扰神经正常再生的能力。瘢痕组织还可能导致牵引性神经病变，给患者带来功能障碍和疼痛。因此，寻找有效的抗粘连产品以防止瘢痕组织形成已成为一项重要的临床挑战。在本综述中，我们对PubMed数据库进行了广泛研究，检索了有关预防外周神经瘢痕形成的实验论文。我们考虑并讨论了不同的参数，包括所使用的动物和神经模型以及用于模拟和评估瘢痕形成的实验方法。还提供了在实验模型中研究的不同类型抗粘连装置和策略的概述。为了成功评估新型抗瘢痕药物的疗效，需要有可靠的动物模型来模拟外周神经瘢痕形成的并发症，以及用于评估神经周围瘢痕的标准和定量参数。到目前为止，实验研究中尚未使用标准化方法，因此很难比较不同抗粘连装置的结果。
